1. Diversity of Life Activity 1
Record the names of as many different organisms as you can.
Examine the list you created
How many were animals? Plants?
Are any in your list living things other than plants or animals?

2. Biologist have named & classified almost 2 million species
Our list represent a small fraction of the diversity of organisms on earth
How many species have been classified ?
Biologist have named & classified almost 2 million species

3. Biodiversity
variety of organisms considered at all levels from population to ecosystems

4. Activity 2 Below are some images of living things on earth How many of these organisms can you correctly identify?

5. D. A. E B. C.

6. A= hydra B= paramecium C=lichen D= evergreen E= bacteria F=squirrel
ANSWERS
A= hydra B= paramecium C=lichen
D= evergreen E= bacteria F=squirrel

7. Because there is such a wide range of different organisms on earth, scientists organize them according to certain characteristics that they have in common The science of describing, naming and classifying organisms
TAXONOMY

8. TAXONOMY
was created to group organisms into categories and to understand evolutionary relationships

9. What is the name of any particular group within a taxonomic system
*** LIBRARY ANOLOGY
What is the name of any particular group within a taxonomic system
Taxon (plural taxa)

10. Classification of organisms
Throughout human history we have been observing & classifying organisms
Prehistoric Humans - Hunting and gathering societies lives depended on recognizing editable and the harmful
About 2,400 years ago Aristotle classified organisms into two taxa either plant or animal.
He grouped animals according to whether they lived on land, in water or in the air.
He grouped plants based on differences in their stems

11. Classification of organisms
Since then different classification systems were developed
For example
Classifying plants into herbs, shrubs, pre-shrubs and trees.
Classifying animals into quadrupeds, birds, fish and snakes
Classifying plants based on visual similarities and differences

12. What not classify organisms by their common names ?
Common names vary from place to place & many don’t accurately define a species

13. Classification of organisms
1735 Swedish naturalist Carolus Linnaeus produced Systema Naturae
Categorized thousands of organisms into a hierarchy categories according to form and structure range from species building to higher taxa including two kingdoms

14. Linnaeus system
Original system had seven levels “categories” Each category represented a level of grouping from larger more general categories to smaller more specific categories

15. linnaeus system

16. levels of classification
Modern version of Linnaeus’s System
Added more kingdoms
Added domain level above kingdom
Linnaeus’s System
2 kingdoms animals & plants
Categorized organisms by form & structure
Grouped organisms by visual similarities

17. Modern system

18. Classification of organisms
1866 Ernest Haeckel organized a “Tree of Life”
1894 he redrew its branches into three kingdoms
1959 Whittaker Five kingdoms
1977 Woese Six kingdoms
1990 Three domains

19. The future
As new organisms are identified and as advancing technology allows for the study of more characteristics of previously classified organisms some scientists are starting to further divide some of the kingdoms into newer kingdoms with their own sets of criteria

20. ANY QUESTIONS?

21. HOMEWORK
Read Ch 17 p 336 – 340