1. Processing, distribution and use of water.
Grade 8

2. Water and you

3. What is water treatment?
Water treatment describes those industrial-scale processes used to make water more acceptable for a desired end-use. These can include use for drinking water, industry, medical and many other uses.

4. How is it made- Drinking water

5. The aim of water treatment
The goal of all water treatment process is to remove existing contaminants in the water, or reduce the concentration of such contaminants so the water becomes fit for its desired end-use. One such use is returning water that has been used back into the natural environment without adverse ecological impact.

6. Water Treatment and Distribution to Your Home

7. Drinking water treatment plant

8. Water treatment stages
1 Source: It is important that the sources we use for our water supply are good and clean and are readily available in an adequate amount.
2 Treatment: Treatment techniques remove soil and dirt, bacteria, viruses, and parasites, and chemical impurities. The steps include coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection.

9. Treatment water techniques: Coagulation and Flocculation video
Coagulation and Flocculation: Gentle mixing of the water and treatment chemicals causes the impurities and particles to form larger floc particles. Chemicals commonly used for this process include aluminum sulfate (alum), ferric chloride, and synthetic polymers. .

10. Treatment water techniques: Coagulation and Flocculation video

11. Treatment water techniques: Coagulation and Flocculation video

12. Treatment water techniques- Sedimentation
Sedimentation: The particles that are formed through coagulation and flocculation become increasingly larger and eventually settle out of the water in large sedimentation basins

13. Treatment water techniques- Sedimentation Video

14. Treatment water techniques- Filtration
Filtration: After sedimentation, the clarified water is passed through filters to remove particles of dirt, algae, and harmful bacteria and parasites. Filters can be made from sand, gravel, coal, or granular activated carbon.

15. Treatment water techniques- Filtration Video

16. Treatment water techniques- Disinfection
Disinfection: Disease-causing bacteria, viruses, and parasites are destroyed by disinfection. Chlorine and chlorine containing compounds are typically used for disinfection purposes. New disinfection technologies may also use ultraviolet light and ozone.

17. Treatment water techniques: Solids Removal
Solids Removal: Solids that settle out of the water are removed to drying lagoons or sludge presses for dewatering.

18. Treatment water techniques: Solids Removal video

19. Distribution of water
3 Distribution: The Distribution System is the system of pipes that allows water to travel from the drinking water treatment plant to the homes and businesses in your community. The Distribution System is made up of pipes, pumps, valves, storage tanks, fire hydrants, and meters.

20. How water is distributed to customers

21. Video websites
(drinking water water treatment plant)
(how a water system works”)
(coagulation flocculation)
(how does flocculation works)
(how does flocculation works)
(sedimentation)

22. Water treatment made simple