1. Life Stages

2. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Begins with birth
Ends with death

3. LIFE STAGES Person differ greatly
Every person passes through certain stages of growth and development

4. CLASSIFICATIONS SEVEN STAGES
Infancy - birth to 1 year
Early childhood years
Late childhood years
Adolescence years
Early adulthood years
Middle adulthood years
Late adulthood - 65 and up

5. TYPES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT 4 TYPES
Physical: Body growth
Mental: development of mind
Emotional: feelings
Social: interactions & relationship

6. CHARACTERISTICS OF STAGES
Tasks progress from simple to complex
foundations for the next stage
rate of accomplishment varies

7. INFANCY
Ages birth - 1 year of age

8. Physical Development Dramatic & Rapid changes tripled weight
muscular & nervous system immature
reflex actions
muscle coordination develops
teeth
vision

9. Mental Development Rapid during first year respond to discomforts
pain, cold, or hunger by crying
gradually become more aware of surroundings
recognize individuals
As infants respond to stimuli
learning activities grow
speech

10. Social Development
Progresses from the total self-centered concept of the newborn to a gradual recognition of others in the environment
4 months
recognize persons who care for them
smile
stare at others
6 months
watch activities of others
show signs of possessiveness
shy or withdrawn from strangers

11. Social Development 6 months 12 months watch activities
show signs of possessiveness
12 months
shy with strangers
socialize freely with familiar people
mimic & imitate gestures
facial expressions
vocal sounds

12. Social cont dependent on others for all needs Love & security
food, cleanliness & rest are essential for physical growth
Love & security
essential for mental growth

13. EARLY CHILDHOOD
AGES 1- 6

14. Physical Development Slower than during infancy
Skeletal and muscle development helps a child look more like an adult
legs & lower body tend to grow more rapidly then the head, arms & chest
muscle coordination
run, climb, and move freely
finger muscles develop learns to write, draw & use a fork & knife

15. Physical continued Age 2 - 3 2-4 years of age most teeth have erupted
digestive system is mature enough to handle most adult food
2-4 years of age
learn bowel & bladder control

16. MENTAL DEVELOPMENT Advances rapidly during early childhood
Verbal growth
age 6
1,500 -2,500

17. Mental 2 year olds short attention span interested in many activities
remember details
begins understanding concepts

18. Mental 4 year old ask frequent questions
recognize letters and some words
begin to make decisions based on logic rather than trial & error

19. MENTAL CONT. 6 YR OLD Very Verbal wants to learn how to read
Memory has developed
make decisions based on both past and present experiences

20. EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Ages 1 to 2
develops self awareness and the effect they have on others
limits are usually established for safety
Anger, temper tantrums may occur if desired performance not accomplished
likes routine becomes stubborn, angry, or frustrated when changes occur

21. Emotional Development
Ages 4 - 6
gain more control over emotions
know right or wrong
more independent
less anxiety when faced with new experiences

22. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Self – Centered 1yr old Sociable 6 yr old Later yrs
Put self first
Trust people

23. Needs Food, rest shelter, protection, love and security
Routine, order, consistency in daily life
Taught to be responsible and must learn how to conform to rules

24. LATE CHILDHOOD OR PREADOLESCENCE
6-12YRS

25. PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT Slow but steady Gain 5-7 pounds per year
Ht increase 2-3 inches per year
Muscle coordination well developed
Physical activities that require complex motor-sensory skills
Loose teeth
Visual acuity the best
10-12 sexual maturation may begin

26. MENTAL DEVELOPMENT Increases due to school
Speech skills develop more completely
Reading & writing should be learned
Information used to solve problems
Memory becomes more complex
Understands more abstract concepts
Loyalty, honesty, values,and morals

27. EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Age 6
Frightened and uncertain as they begin school
Reassuring parents and success in school helps gain self-confidence
Fears replaced with coping abilities
Learn to control emotions

28. Ages 10 –12 Sexual maturation and body changes Restless and anxious
Difficult to understand

29. SOCIAL CHANGES 7 years Activities they can do by self
Approval of others especially parents and friends

30. Ages 8-10 Group oriented Forms groups with members of own sex
Ready to accept some opinions of others
Conforms to rules and standards of behavior

31. Ages 10-12 Tend to make friends more easily
Increasing awareness of opposite sex
Gradually move away from parents

32. NEEDS
Basic needs
Reassurance
parental approval
peer acceptance

33. ADOLESCENCE
AGES

34. PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
Growth spurts can cause rapid increases in wt & ht
awkwardness or clumsiness
Puberty
development of the sexual organs and secondary sexual characteristics
secretions of sex hormones

35. MENTAL DEVELOPMENT Increase knowledge and social skills
Learn to make decisions; accept responsibility for actions
Treated both like child and adult

36. Emotional Development
Often stormy and in conflict
Concerned about their appearance
Respond more to peer groups
May create a conflict with vales previously established

37. Later Years of Adolescence
Self-Identity has been established
Feel more comfortable with who they are
Concerned about career

38. Social Development Move away from family
Security in groups of people their own age
Develop a more mature attitude and patterns of behavior

39. Needs
Reassurance, support and understanding
Basic needs

40. Eating Disorders
Often develops from an excessive concern with appearance
Anorexia Nervosa
Bulimia

41. Chemical Abuse
Development of a physical and /or mental dependence on these chemicals.
Trying to relieve anxiety or stres
Peer pressure
Escape from problems
Experiementation

42. Suicide One of the leading causes of death in adolescents Reasons
Depression
Grief
Failure in school
Not meeting expectations
Lack of self-esteem

43. Suicide warning signs
Verbal statements such as “I’d rather be dead,” or “you’d be better off without me”
Sudden changes in appetite and sleep habits
Withdrawal and moodiness
Excessive fatigue or agitation
Alcohol or drug abuse