1. Chapter 1 Sec. 3 Beginnings of Civilization
Mr. Marsh
Columbus North High School

2. Why was a surplus of food so important to creating a civilization?
SHORTANSWER

3. River Valley Civilizations
Cities rose along the river valleys of the
Tigris
Euphrates
Middle East
Nile
Egypt
Indus
India
Yellow or (Huang He)
China

4. The area of Egypt and Mesopotamia is referred to as the ________?
Fertile Moon
Fertile Crescent
Fertile Sun
Fertile Mertile
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

6. Features of Civilizations
Eight Basic Features of a Civilization
Cities
Well-organized central governments
Complex religions
Job specialization
Social classes
Arts and architecture
Public works
writing

7. Rise of Cities Rise of cities were the main feature of a Civilization.
Civilization-is a complex, highly organized social order
First cities developed after farmers cultivated lands along river and produced a surplus of food.

8. Organized Governments
Early Governments were lead by warrior kings
Rulers used heredity to ensure there families place.
Rulers claimed the were placed there by god
Early Chinese Kings took the title “Son of Heaven”
Governments became more complex with time and size

9. Complex Religions Most ancient People were Polytheistic
Polytheistic-believed in many gods
Monotheistic- Believe in one god
Believed that the gods controlled water, fire, sun and human activities
To ensure divine help, people built temples, and carried out sacrifices of food animals and humans.

10. Job Specialization
As people moved into cities no longer did they build everything they needed.
People relied on each other, people developed skills
Metal working
Pottery
Weaver
Wood Worker
Etc…

11. What did we notice about the quality of craftsman's work in a civilization? And why?
SHORTANSWER

12. Social Classes
The Development of societies brought along the development of social classes

13. Why do we use a pyramid to show social classes?
SHORTANSWER

14. Arts and Architecture

15. Public Works
Irrigation Systems
Roads
Bridges
Walls
Etc…

16. Pictograms are a type of writing?
True
False

17. Writing A new skill found in civilizations
Theory is it began in temples in order to record amounts of grain collected
Earliest forms of writing were Pictograms
Pictograms- simple drawings that looked like the object they represented

18. Spread of Civilizations
As cities grew they brought civilization to new areas.
City-States: a political unit which includes a city and the surrounding farm lands, etc…
First Empires grew from competition and war
Wars between city states developed the first empires
Nomadic Interaction
The first cities were spread all over and needed to work with nomadic tribes for trading.
Nomadic tribes are only considered non-civilized because of the lack of the eight basic features

19. Civilizations and Change
Many things can cause civilizations to change
Environmental Changes
Floods
Droughts
Volcanoes
Over us of natural resources
Interaction Among People
Cultural Diffusion
Warfare