1. The Middle Kingdom

2. Middle Kingdom – The Golden Age
Expansion of the Empire
Captured Nubia(Sudan) to the South and what is today Syria – tribute( forced payments) had to be given to Egypt
Within Egypt farmland was expanded to increase the surplus
Pharaohs added dams and more irrigation
A canal was built between the Nile and the Red Sea – increase trade

5. Arts
Temples and tombs were covered with colorful paintings of deities and murals about daily life
Sculptors created large carvings and statues of the pharaohs
Poets wrote songs and tributes to the pharaohs
Architecture changed from pyramid building to cutting tombs into cliffs
Temples were built to praise the gods and goddesses who brought prosperity and peace

10. The End of the Middle Kingdom
Invaded by the Hyksos who were from western Asia
150 years under foreign control
Ahmose led a revolt and forced out the invaders and became Pharaoh
This is the start of the New Kingdom B.C B.C.

11. Hatshepsut B.C.
-Ruled with husband, behalf of her nephew and finally made herself pharaoh
She was more interested in trade than conquest
Built new boats
Started trading in eastern Africa
Traded beads, metal tools and weapons for gold, ivory , incense and ebony
Used wealth to build temples and monuments in the Valley of the Kings

14. Thutmose III Fought series of aggressive wars Expanded the empire
Egypt grew rich from tribute
Gold, copper, ivory and other valuable goods
Started a new practice – Slavery
POW’s used to build temples , palaces and tombs

16. Amenhotep( Akhenaton)& Neferititi
Changed Egypt’s religion
One god - Aton
Priest were forced out and replaced by unqualified administrators
Neglected his duties , because he was devoted to his new religion
Egypt lost much territory to the Hittites
Art and culture were reflected by the religious changes

19. Ramses II
66 year reign
Empire building through a series of wars and conquests
Built a large army to retain lost lands
Launched a rebuilding program- constructed many new temples and monuments
Emphasis on art, literature, and architecture