1. THE ROMAN REPUBLIC UNIT 1 – GREECE AND ROME Chapter 5 – Greece
Chapter 6 – Rome

2. Ancient Rome, 500 B.C.– A.D. 500 CHAPTER 6 The Roman Republic
SECTION 1
The Roman Empire
SECTION 2
The Fall of the Roman Empire
SECTION 4
These are my notes for slide 2
Rome and the Roots of Western
Civilization
SECTION 5

3. OBJECTIVES
CORE OBJECTIVE: Analyze the impact of Ancient Rome and how it continues to impact our lives today.
Objective 1.5: Explain the main institutions of the Roman Republic.
THEME: The Roman culture will have a significant impact and influence on many other world cultures.

4. CHAPTER 6 SECTION 1 THE ROMAN REPUBLIC
The early Romans establish a republic, which grows powerful and spreads its influence.

5. Roman location & geography
Rome was the capital of the ancient Roman Empire and present day Italy
Site of Rome chosen for its fertile soil and strategic location
Located on Italian peninsula in center of Mediterranean Sea
Built on seven hills on Tiber River
Rome was only a small town on the Tiber River when Athens was at the height of its glory.
The myth is that twins sons Romulus and Remus of the god Mars founded the city around 753 B.C.
The gods, arts, and architecture resembles the Greeks

6. THE ORIGINS OF ROME
Latins, Greeks, and Etruscans compete for control of region
Latins found original settlement of Rome between 1000 and 500 B.C.
Etruscans native to northern Italy; influence Roman civilization

7. THE EARLY REPUBLIC Early Rulers
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Early Rulers
Around 600 B.C., Etruscan kings begin to rule Rome
Romans overthrow cruel Etruscan king Tarquin in 509 B.C.
Romans found a republic — government in which citizens elect leaders

8. CITIZENS OF ROME
Different groups struggle for power in early Roman Republic
Patricians — wealthy landowning class that holds most of the power
Were elected to the Senate
Plebeians — common citizens, can vote, can’t rule
artisans, merchants, and farmers
Tribunes — elected representatives protect plebeians’ political rights
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9. ROMAN LAW In 451 B.C. officials carve Roman laws on twelve tablets
Twelve Tables - become basis for Roman law
Tables give protection of law to all free citizens
Citizenship is limited to adult male landowners
Twelve Tables are hung in the Forum
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10. EVOLUTION OF THE ROMAN FORUM

11. MILITARY Rome Conquers Italy Rome’s Commercial Network The Roman Army
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The Roman Army
Roman legion — military unit of 5,000 infantry; supported by cavalry
Army is powerful; key factor in Rome’s rise to greatness
All citizens who owned were required to serve in the army
Rome Conquers Italy
Romans defeat Etruscans in north and Greek city-states in south
By 265 B.C., Rome controls Italian peninsula
Conquered peoples treated justly; this enables Rome to grow
Rome’s Commercial Network
Rome establishes large trading network
Access to Mediterranean Sea provides many trade routes
Carthage, powerful city-state in North Africa, soon rivals Rome

12. Carthage and the Punic Wars

13. Punic wars
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Rome and Carthage begin Punic Wars — three wars between 264–146 B.C.
Rome defeats Carthage, wins Sicily, in first 23-year war
Hannibal — Carthaginian general — avenges defeat in Second Punic War
Attacks Italy through Spain and France, doesn’t take Rome
Roman general Scipio defeats Hannibal in 202 B.C.
Hannibal later poisoned himself rather than become a prisoner of the Romans.
Rome destroys Carthage, enslaves people in last war

14. Punic wars map

15. THE ROMAN REPUBLIC — Assessment
Which of the following is NOT true about the Roman code of laws known as the Twelve Tables?
It gave legal protection to all citizens
It officially removed senators from power
It was written down
It was publicly displayed
After the Romans drove the last Etruscan monarch from power, they established a republic, a government in which
Power rests with a small minority who are supported by the military
Power rests with the citizens who participate directly in law-making
Power rests with citizens who select their leaders
Power rests with the nobility and the wealthy

16. THE ROMAN REPUBLIC — Assessment
Which of the following is NOT true about the Roman code of laws known as the Twelve Tables?
It gave legal protection to all citizens
It officially removed senators from power
It was written down
It was publicly displayed
After the Romans drove the last Etruscan monarch from power, they established a republic, a government in which
Power rests with a small minority who are supported by the military
Power rests with the citizens who participate directly in law-making
Power rests with citizens who select their leaders
Power rests with the nobility and the wealthy