1. THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC FORM FORM is the structure of a composition, the frame upon which it is constructed. Form is based upon repetition, contrast and variation. Certain specific forms include sonata-allegro form, pop song form and rondo form.

2. FORM Think of it like a trifle. THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC

3. FORM In a trifle there are different layers. Some of the layers repeat, while others introduce new ingredients. The trifle dish is what gives this dessert its overall shape. Remember our definition? Form is structure, based on repetition, contrast and variation. So... THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC

4. We start with an empty bowl. This is the STRUCTURE. FORM THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC

5. Next we take our various ingredients. This is what creates CONTRAST. FORM THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC

6. But if we just throw everything in together, it doesn't mean anything. It doesn't make sense. This is what we in the music business refer to as “a mess.” You know what might help? If we had some REPETITION and VARIATION all up in here. FORM THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC

7. So we start making some layers: First some biscuits. Then some cream. Then some fruit. Then some more cream. Then some more fruit, but let’s vary it with some different fruit. Then maybe even more cream. Then let's bring back the biscuits. And top it off with some more cream and more different fruit! And voilà! FORM THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC

8. A delicious and attractive trifle, in which the VARYING ingredients, STRUCTURED in a REPETITIVE and CONTRASTING way, make total sense to the eye and the taste bud! FORM THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC

9. FORM THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC STRUCTURE. REPETITION. CONTRAST. VARIATION. Oh, ye of little faith. Firstly, happy birthday, Wren. I hope you enjoyed your donut. Secondly, trifle-making would be an awesome thing to have on the test. Good idea. But you forgot the magic words: OK. So now you're all like, “Mr. Davis, you brought Wren a donut for her birthday and we all had to watch her eat it, and you've spent the last ten minutes talking about trifle, and now we're super hungry, and as long as there's trifle-making on the test we're good, but what does this have to do with music?”

10. Let's identify the “ingredients” in a pop song: Introduction Verse Refrain Bridge STRUCTURE. REPETITION. CONTRAST. VARIATION. We've got the STRUCTURE (pop song). We've got the CONTRAST (ingredients). When we put them in an order, we get the REPETITION and the VARIATION. FORM THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC

11. A typical pop song follows the following format: But remember: In the words of Willy Wonka, “We are the music makers and we are the dreamers of dreams.” 1. Introduction 2. Verse 3. Pre-chorus 4. Chorus 5. Bridge 6. Middle eight 7. Collision 8. Instrumental solo 9. Ad lib FORM THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC THAT MEANS THE ORDER CAN BE VARIED AND REPEATED HOWEVER THE COMPOSER CHOOSES!

12. To illustrate, let's hear from the boys of Hot Chelle Rae... We're so dreamy. My brother's on “Glee.” He's also in our video. FORM THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC I wish they'd let me stand in the front row. How come you guys didn't tell me we were cutting our sleeves off?

14. INTRODUCTION Uno, dos, tres VERSE It's been a really really messed up week Seven days of torture, seven days of bitter And my girlfriend went and cheated on me She's a California dime but it's time for me to quit her PRE-CHORUS La la la, whatever, la la la, it doesn't matter, la la la, oh well, la la la CHORUS We're going at it tonight tonight There's a party on the rooftop top of the world Tonight tonight and we're dancing on the edge of the Hollywood sign I don't know if I'll make it but watch how good I'll fake it It's all right, all right, tonight, tonight (REPEAT VERSE WITH NEW WORDS) (REPEAT PRE-CHORUS) (REPEAT CHORUS) (REPEAT PRE-CHORUS) BRIDGE Just don't stop let's keep the beat pumpin' Keep the beat up, let's drop the beat down It's my party dance if I want to We can get crazy let it all out (REPEAT BRIDGE) It's you and me and were runnin this town And it's me and you and we're shakin the ground And ain't nobody gonna tell us to go cause this is our show (PRE-CHORUS) (COLLISION) (PRE-CHORUS) AD LIB Just don't stop let's keep the beat pumpin' Keep the beat up, let's drop the beat down It's my party dance if I want to We can get crazy let it all out TONIGHT, TONIGHT by HOT CHELLE RAE FORM THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC

15. Now you're going to try to identify pop form on your own, with the help of... Katy Perry! FORM THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC