1. PPT on ”Transparent Technology” www.engineersportal.in

2. Overview  Introduction  History  Components  Technologies  Pros & cons  Applications  Conclusion www.engineersportal.in

3. Introduction  A touch screen is a display that can detect the presence and location of a touch within the display area.  Touch screen can also sense other passive objects such as stylus and finger.  The display screen has a sensitive glass overlay placed on it and we can give the desired input by touching on it.  Touch screen technology is becoming a part of our everyday lives now. www.engineersportal.in

4. History  In 1971 Dr. Sam Hurst, founder of Elographics developed the first touch opaque sensor “Elograph” at the University of Kentucky.  In 1974 he developed the first real touch screen.  In 1977, Elographics developed the five-wire resistive technology then with the backing of Siemens Corporation, developed a curved glass sensor called the touch screen.  The new transparent technology, Accu Touch, was later developed by the founders of Elographics, Dr. Hurst and Bill Colwell www.engineersportal.in

5. Components  A basic touch screen has three main components : 1. Touch Sensor 2. Controller 3. Software Driver www.engineersportal.in

6. Touch sensor  A touch screen sensor is a clear glass panel with a touch responsive area.  The touch sensor is placed over a display screen so that the responsive area of the panel covers the viewable area of the screen. www.engineersportal.in

7. Controller  The controller connects between the touch sensor and the processor.  Take information from the touch sensor and translate it into information that processor can understand. www.engineersportal.in

8. Software Driver  The driver allow the touch screen and computer to work together  This makes touching the screen as same as clicking the your mouse at the same location on the screen. www.engineersportal.in

9. Diagram showing How it Works www.engineersportal.in

10. Technologies  Resistive  Surface acoustic wave  Capacitive  Infrared  Optical Imaging www.engineersportal.in

11. Resistive  Two layers of conductive material  Touch creates contact between resistive layers completing circuit  Voltage in circuit changes based on position  Controller determines location based on voltages  When an object, such as a finger, presses down on a point on the panel's outer surface the two metallic layers become connected at that point. This causes a change in the electrical current, which is registered as a touch event and sent to the controller for processing.  It is used in Grocery Stores, Hotels, Restaurants and Retail Stores etc. www.engineersportal.in

12. Capacitive  A capacitive touch screen panel consists of an insulator such as glass, coated with a transparent conductor such as indium tin oxide (ITO).  As the human body is also a conductor, touching the surface of the screen results in a distortion of the body's electrostatic field, measurable as a change in capacitance.  Small amount of voltage applied to four corners of touch screen www.engineersportal.in

13. Surface Acoustic Wave Touch Screens  Surface consists of glass overlay with transmitting and receiving transducers  Electrical signals sent to the transmitting transducers converts to ultrasonic waves  Waves are directed across screen by reflectors then directed to receiving transducers  When finger touches screen it absorbs waves www.engineersportal.in

14. ResistiveInfraredSAWCapacitive Touch ResolutionHigh AverageHigh ClarityAverageGood OperationFinger or Stylus Finger or Soft- tipped Stylus Finger only DurabilityCan be Damaged by Sharp Objects Highly DurableSusceptible to Dirt and Moisture Highly durable Touch Screen Technology Comparison Chart www.engineersportal.in

15. Pros & Cons  Direct pointing to the objects  Fast response  Finger or pen is usable (No cable required)  No keyboard necessary  Suited to: novices, application for information retrieval etc  Low precision by using finger  User has to sit or stand closer to the screen  The screen may be covered more by using hand  No direct activation to the selected function www.engineersportal.in

16. Applications  Atm  Airport terminal passenger internet and email systems  Smart Phones, Ipad  Grocery Stores  Museums  Corporate Information  Digital Camera www.engineersportal.in

17. Corning Gorilla Glass  Visually stunning, lightweight, and highly damage-resistant, Corning Gorilla Glass is changing the way the world thinks about glass. It helps protect the world’s coolest Smartphone's, Tablets, PCs, and TVs from everyday wear and tear.  Many mobile manufacturing companies demand these type of glasses. www.engineersportal.in

18. Features and Applications  Stylish: Thin and Light, Seamless design  High performance  High resolution  Fast response time  3D  Cost efficient  Anti-glare  Environment friendly  Low power consumption  Superior picture quality www.engineersportal.in

19. Conclusion  Touch screens, touch panels or touch screen panels are display overlays which have the ability to display and receive information on the same screen.  In future there is no usage of mouse and keyboards as they will be replaced by touch screen  Designers are trying to use touch screen to simplify input commands for largely unsophisticated computer users. www.engineersportal.in

20. References  http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_glass http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_glass  http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/touch http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/touch  http://www.alibaba.com/showroom/glass- technoloy.html http://www.alibaba.com/showroom/glass- technoloy.html  www.touchscreensolutions.com.au www.touchscreensolutions.com.au  D. Chen, H. Miyoshi, T. Akai, and T. Yazawa, “Colourless transparent fluorescence material: Sintered porous glass containing rare-earth and transition-metal ions,” Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 86, no. 23, pp. 231908–1, Jun. 2005. www.engineersportal.in

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