1. Lead-in 1)Can you describe the geographical location of Australia? Australia lies in south hemisphere and is surrounded by oceans: the Indian Ocean in the West, the Southern Ocean in the south and the Pacific Ocean in the northeast.

2. 2) How much do you know about Australia? dingle Sydney Opera House kangarookoala bear national emblem shield emu

3. The Portrait of a Nation

4. 2. The First Australians 3. A Nation of Prisoners 4. Another New World: The Birth of a Nation 5. Speak Australian? No worries! Match the subtitles of each paragraph with the following key words: subtitles 1. The Portrait of a Nation key words people history birth language geography, capital, flag etc.

5. Fast reading 1. Canberra is located between Sydney and Melbourne. T 2. The Aborigines first came to the continent and created complex societies. F 3. Among the Europeans, the British ships first arrived in the north and west coasts and Tasmania. 4. In 1902, Aborigines and other non-Europeans enjoyed the same rights. 5. “No worries” in Australia means “Everything will be OK.” F F T The Aborigines and Torres Strait Islands Spanish, Portuguese and Dutch did not

6. Careful reading 1. What do the symbols on the Australian flag represent? 1. What do the symbols on the Australian flag represent? The Australian flag shows the UK flag and a large star with seven points. Six of the points represent the states and the seventh stands for all the territories.

7. The other stars on the flag represent the Southern Cross — a group of stars in the southern sky that can be used to find the South Pole. 2. Who were the first people to arrive in Australia? 2. Who were the first people to arrive in Australia? The first Australians were the Aborigines and Torres Strait

8. Islanders. They came to the continent at least fifty thousand years ago and created complex societies. 3. Why were prisoners sent to Australia after 1788? Where were they from? 3. Why were prisoners sent to Australia after 1788? Where were they from? When the American War of Independence made it impossible

9. for England to send prisoners to North America, Australia was chosen as a new place where prisoners and criminals were sent. 4. What happened to the original Australians when the European newcomers arrived? 4. What happened to the original Australians when the European newcomers arrived?

10. When the European newcomers arrived, the original Australians suffered. Many Aborigines and Islanders were moved and had their land taken away from them. 5. What was the problem with Australia’s Constitution?

11. The Constitution stated that men were free and equal, explained their basic civil rights and described the new government. Aborigines and other non- Europeans didn’t enjoy the same rights. 6. How did the two World Wars change Australia?

12. After the First World War, the country experienced social and economic unrest and suffered from the Great Depression of the 1930s. After the Second World War, Australia began to transform itself into the modern country it is today.

13. 7. How does Australian English differ from British English? 7. How does Australian English differ from British English? English is the official language of Australia. Australian English differs in pronunciation and some of the vocabulary.

14. e.g. “G-day” means “Good morning”, “uni” means “university”, “mate” means “friend” or “companion”. e.g. “G-day” means “Good morning”, “uni” means “university”, “mate” means “friend” or “companion”.

15. Explanation 1. Modern Australia is made up of six states and two territories. 1. Modern Australia is made up of six states and two territories. be made up of 意为 “ 由 …… 组成 ”, 强 调整体与部分关系, 相当于 consist of 。 如 :

16. The football team is made up of eleven players. The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

17. 由 make 构成的重要短语 : make believe 假装 make off 匆匆逃走 make out 理解 ; 写 ( 支票、账目等 ) make it 及时到达 ; 成功 make up 组成 ; 和解 ; 化妆 ; 虚构 ( 故事 ) make up for 补偿

18. make for 有利于 ; 造成 ; 促进 make over 移交 ; 把 ( 衣服等 ) 改制 make known 使知晓 be made of 由 …… 制成 ( 看得出原材料 ) be made from 由 …… 制成 ( 看不出原 材料 ) be made from 由 …… 制成 ( 看不出原 材料 )

19. [ 考例 ] The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to ____. A.make it out B. make it off C. make it up D. make it over A.make it out B. make it off C. make it up D. make it over A A

20. 2. In 1770, Captain James Cook claimed the east coast of the continent for the British Crown. 1) claim 用作动词, 表示 “ 声称 ; 断言 ; 主张 ”, 后常接不定式或从句。如 : He claimed that he hadn’t done it, but I didn’t believe him.

21. Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea. 渔夫和水手有时声称看到过海里的妖 怪。 2) claim 用作动词, 还可表示 “( 根据权利 ) 要求 ; 认领 ; 索赔 ” 。如 :

22. Does anyone claim this umbrella? 有没有人认领这把伞 ? Did you claim the insurance after your car accident? 你的车子出事之后索取保险金了吗 ? 3) claim 用作名词, 表示 “ 主张 ; 认领 ; 索 赔 ”, 常见短语有：

23. have a claim on 有对 …… 的要求权 ; make a claim for 对 ( 赔偿等 ) 提出要求。 如 : He made a claim for higher pay. 他提出更高报酬的要求。

24. [ 考例 ]He claimed ___ in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday. A. being badly treated B. treating badly C. to be treated badly D. to have been badly treated A. being badly treated B. treating badly C. to be treated badly D. to have been badly treated D

25. 3. As a consequence, the original Australians suffered. as a consequence/in consequence (of) 意为 “ 结果, 由于 …… 的结果 ”, 相当于 as a result (of) 。 如 : She worked hard at her lessons and as a consequence got high marks.

26. As a consequence of his laziness, he was fired. 4. While some of the Aboriginal languages have been lost, people are trying hard to protect and record what is left.

27. 从属连词 while 的典型用法 : (1) 引导让步状语从句, 意为 “ 虽然, 尽管 ”, 相当于 though; (1) 引导让步状语从句, 意为 “ 虽然, 尽管 ”, 相当于 though; (2) 表示前后对比, 意为 “ 但是, 然而 ”; (3) 引导时间状语从句, 从句谓语用延续 性动词, 表示 “ 在 …… 期间 ” 。如 : (3) 引导时间状语从句, 从句谓语用延续 性动词, 表示 “ 在 …… 期间 ” 。如 :

28. While he loves his students, he is very strict with them. 虽然他爱他的学生, 可是他对他们很 严格。 While he loves his students, he is very strict with them. 虽然他爱他的学生, 可是他对他们很 严格。 The telephone rang while I was in the garden. 我在花园里的时候电话铃响了。 The telephone rang while I was in the garden. 我在花园里的时候电话铃响了。

29. Analyzing Main idea After reading the text, readers can learn something about Australia, especially Aborigines being respected and realize the importance of a diverse society. So we should take pride in the Party’s policy about peoples.

30. Purpose The text tells the readers Australia’s language, history, birth, capital and flag by means of classification, examples, and numbers, and makes them realize the original Australians suffered a lot because of the European settlers’ arrival.

31. The writer expects people all over the world to get along well with each other and keep the balance of nature and be against the war. Writing style The text is an illustrative writing, which illustrates Australia with the

32. Methods of classification, examples, and numbers. The readers can learn Australia’s composition, capital, national flag, native Australians, its birth and its official language.

33. Writing characteristics 1) As a whole, classification declaration is used with subtitles to introduce Australia, making students have a clear idea of it. Examples, numbers are also used in the paragraphs.

34. 2)The language used to illustrate Australia is accurate, strict and concise.

35. Homework Please finish Exercises 3 of Post- reading on Page 23, Exercises 2 to 4 on Pages 163 and 164.