1. Experiment 1.Obtain a tube of water and a straw. 2.Exhale deeply through the straw into the water. 3.Make observations. 4.Why might your observations be different than the people near you?

2. pH Indicator Bromothymol Blue acidic basic

3. pH scale pH = -log [H+] a [H+]=110 -1 [H+]=110 -14 http://cwx.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/hillchem3/medialib/media_portfolio/15.html

4. Example pH = -log [H+] What would be the pH of 0.01M solution of HCl (like your stomach acid)? pH = -log [H+] pH = - -2 pH = 2

5. Buffers

6. Cellular Respiration (Glucose )C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2  6CO 2 + 6H 2 O

7. Inside the cell

8. Figure 3.2 Secretion being released from cell by exocytosis Peroxisome Ribosomes Rough endoplasmic reticulum Nucleus Nuclear envelope Chromatin Golgi apparatus Nucleolus Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Cytosol Lysosome Mitochondrion Centrioles Centrosome matrix Microtubule Microvilli Microfilament Intermediate filaments Plasma membrane

9. Location for Cellular Respiration

10. What happens to CO 2 in blood? CO 2 + H 2 O  HCO 3 - + H + What happens to CO 2 in water? CO 2 + H 2 O  HCO 3 - + H + Carbonic Anhydrase

11. Gas Exchange

13. CO 2

14. CO 2 + H 2 O  HCO 3 - + H + Low pH CO 2 + H 2 O  HCO 3 - + H + High pH in body

16. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

17. COPD High blood CO 2, low blood O 2 but normal breathing rate. Blood O 2 a little low so breath in O 2 by O 2 tank. This can increase blood O 2 but it slows down breathing rate. This leads to increase blood CO 2, and decrease in pH (acidic). BALANCE of blood O 2 and blood CO 2 / pH