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Published byRudolph Cross Modified over 9 years ago
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Extensive properties- dependent on the amount of substance there. (mass, volume) Intensive properties- depends on the type of matter and is independent of how much is there. (density, ability to burn) Physical properties- things are observed or measured (color, density, brittle or hard, melting point, boiling point, freezing point) Chemical properties- its ability to undergo chemical reactions (ability to burn, corrosiveness, decompose, rust, explode)
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Pure substances can not be separated by physical means such as heat or tearing Two types of pure substances Element Compound
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They can not be broken down by chemical means into any simpler substances. All elements are found on the periodic table (116 of them) Given a chemical symbol on the periodic table. 1 st letter is always CAPITALIZED 2 nd letter is always lower case (if there is one)
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Composed of two or more elements chemically combined. Can be broken down in elemental forms by chemical means. Examples: H 2 O, CO 2, H 2 SO 4 H 2 O + electricity → H 2 + O 2
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Better known as Mixtures Mixtures are a combination of elements and or compounds that can be separated by physical means. Example: Salt water can be separated into salt and water by evaporating the water. Two types of mixtures Homogeneous Heterogeneous
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You can not visibly distinguish the difference between the parts of the mixture Homogenized milk Orange juice without pulp Salt water Air Ink Steel Another name is solution
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You can visibly see the parts of the mixture Rough Concrete Chocolate chip cookies
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Filtration- separates pieces of a mixture by the size of the particles Example: coffee filters Distillation- separates parts of a mixture by their boiling points Example: Alcohol from water
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When the substance itself remains the same Examples: Phase Changes. When H 2 O goes from a liquid to a solid in the freezing process, it still remains H 2 O. Tearing Cutting Bending
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When the chemical makeup and hence the symbols change during a chemical reaction. Heating of sugar and turn C 6 H 12 O 6 into Carbon and H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + heat → C + H 2 O Left side of ARROW are reactants Right side of ARROW are products Arrow means produces or yields + sign means “and” or “reacts with”
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