1. Top Ten Mysteries of the Universe

2. Who wants to be a millionaire?
Septillionaire?
(10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 p)

3. Contestants Quiz master The Leptons The quarks Rolf Landua
Light and electrifying …
The quarks
Strong and colourful …
Quiz master
Rolf Landua
CERN

4. TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
No. 10
What is CERN?

5. A C B D 10 CERN TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
What does C.E.R.N. stand for? A
Central European
Radiation Network C
Conseil Européen pour la
Recherche Nucléaire B
Centre Eternel pour la
Recherche Non-appliquée D
Center for European
Research Nerds

6. A C B D 10 CERN TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
What are the goals of CERN research? A
Improve nuclear reactors C
Improve the WWW B
Study matter, fields and
The origin of the Universe D
Thermonuclear warfare

7. TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
No. 9
Large Hadron Collider

8. A C B D 9 LHC TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
The ‘Large Hadron Collider’ accelerates 3·1014 protons
(~0.5 ng, small grain of dust)
to % of the speed of light.
What does the energy of the proton
beams correspond to: A
A hit with a sledgehammer C
A herd of 1000 elephants
at 30 m/s B
A frontal collision of two cars
at 100 km/h D
About 3 µg of antimatter

9. A C B D 9 LHC TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
What would happen to this theoretical physicist if he circulated in the LHC machine with % of the speed of light? A
His hair would contract to
0.05 mm length C
We would observe his life
span to be ~ 500,000 yrs B
He would have the same
energy as 500 tons of matter D
He may suffocate before
reaching this age

10. TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
9 LHC
CERN in 3 minutes

11. TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
No. 8
Particles

12. A C B D 8 - Particles u d TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
What are the smallest building blocks of matter? u d A
Molecules C
Electrons and Quarks B
Atoms D
Protons and Neutrons

13. A C B D 8 Particles 4 92 12 240 TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
How many different types of matter particles exist? A 4 C 92 B 12 D
240

14. A C B D 8 Particles TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
Why are there so many types of
matter particles? A
We don’t know C
God knows B
Stephen Hawking knows D
A throw of the dice
during the Big Bang

15. TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
No. 7
Forces

16. A C B D 7 - Forces TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
Is the electromagnetic force stronger than gravitation? A
Yes, 100 (102) times C
Yes, 1036 times B
Yes, 100 million (108) times D
No, gravitation is stronger

17. A C B D 7 - Forces TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
BUT MATTER IN THE UNIVERSE IS NEUTRAL, because positive and negative charges cancel each other precisely.
THEREFORE:
Gravitation is the dominant force in the Universe A
100 (102) times C
1036 times B
100 million (108) times D
Gravitation is stronger

18. TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
No. 6
The Big Bang

19. A C B D 6 Big Bang TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
How old is the Universe? A
5,800 years C
13.7 billion years B
4.55 billion years D
It has been going on for ever

20. A C B D 6 Big Bang TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE The Earth
What did the Big Bang produce during its first few minutes? A
The Earth C
All elementary particles B
The stars D
Cosmic Rays

21. TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
No. 5
Antimatter

22. A C B D 5 Antimatter Electron and Positron
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
Every particle has an ‘anti-particle’. Compared to the particle, the anti-particle has:
Electron and Positron A
Same mass, same charge C
Opposite mass, same charge B
Same mass, opposite charge D
Opposite mass, opposite charge

23. A C B D 5 Antimatter TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
Where is the largest concentration of antimatter in the known Universe? A
Under the Vatican C
Starship ‘Enterprise’ B
Andromeda Galaxy D
Particle accelerators

24. The disappearance of antimatter in the Universe
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
5 Antimatter
The disappearance of antimatter in the Universe
Blue = Matter particles; Red = Antimatter particles
Time scale during Big Bang < sec

25. TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
No. 4
Space and Time

26. A C B D 4 Space and Time TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
How many dimensions has space? A
2 (the Earth is flat!) C 4 B 3 D
3 big ones, 6 small ones

27. How does the presence of matter change space and time?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
4 Space and Time
How does the presence of matter change space and time? A
It bends it like a rubber sheet C
It makes time go faster B
It blows it up like a balloon D
It makes time go slower

28. TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
No. 3
Black Holes

29. How is a black hole formed?
3 Black Holes
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
How is a black hole formed? A
By antimatter C
By spending too much money B
In the collapse of a massive
star D
By collisions in the LHC

30. What happens to John when he falls into a black hole?
3 Black Holes
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
What happens to John when he falls into a black hole? A
He never arrives C
Gravity rips him apart B
He becomes flat as a
pancake D
Nothing

31. Black Holes and Vampire Stars
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
Black Holes and Vampire Stars

32. TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
No. 2
Dark Matter

33. How do we know that Dark Matter must exist?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
How do we know that Dark Matter must exist? A
We don’t know for sure C
My missing socks must have
gone somewhere B
By looking through big
telescopes D
My theory predicts it

34. How do we know about “dark matter”
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
2 Dark Matter
How do we know about “dark matter”

35. A C B D 2 Dark Matter Weakly Interacting Massive Particles
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
What is dark matter made of? A
Black Holes C
Planets beyond the solar
system B
Weakly Interacting
Massive Particles D
Neutrinos

36. How could we detect ‘dark matter’ ?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
2 Dark Matter
How could we detect ‘dark matter’ ?

37. THE MYSTERIES SO FAR … 10 What does CERN do?
9 What does the Large Hadron Collider do?
8 Why so many particles?
7 Why are the strengths of forces so different?
6 What happened in the Big Bang?
5 Where is the Antimatter?
4 How many dimensions of Space?
3 What happens in a Black Hole?
2 What is Dark Matter ?
And the Top Mystery is ….

38. The recipe for the Universe
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
No. 1
The recipe for the Universe

39. A C B D 1 Dark Energy TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
What is the Universe made of? A
Quarks and electrons C
A mysterious type of energy B
Dark matter D
Sex, Drugs and Rock’n Roll

40. How do we know about “dark energy” ?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
How do we know about “dark energy” ? A
From observing distant
exploding stars C
From observing the cosmic
background radiation B
From observing the TV D
Einstein predicted it

41. How will the Universe end?
1 Dark Energy
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
How will the Universe end? A
It will expand faster and faster C
Everything will fall into
Black Holes B
It will collapse in the Big Crunch D
‘World of Warcraft’ becomes
core subject in syllabus

42. … and the 10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 proton award goes to …
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
… and the
10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 proton
award goes to …