1. Vehicle Systems and Checks Comfort Control Visibility Safety Information Communication

2. Comfort 1.Seat Position Controls 2.Steering Wheel 3.Air Conditioner and Heater 4.Air Vents 5.Defroster

3. Seat Position Controls Comfortable Provide good visibility and access to controls “in a vehicle with a steering-wheel air bag, adjust the seat at least 10 inches from the steering wheel” Non Power Seats – controls are usually located on the lower left side or lower front of the drivers seat Power Seats – Controls are usually located on the door trim panels or on the side of the drivers seat

4. Steering Wheel Align the steering wheel with your body Top of the steering wheel should be no higher than your shoulders Many vehicles have adjustable steering wheels – this control is located on the steering column

5. Air Conditioning and Heating Temperature Control Use the AC lower the humidity Heater warms the vehicle as well as clears fogged windows

6. Air Vents All cars have air vents that help to cool the interior of the car Usually located on the dashboard or the front lower left and right sides of the vehicle in front of the doors Allow air from heaters and air conditioners to enter the car

7. Control 1.Ignition 2.Steering Wheel 3.Accelerator 4.Brake 5.Parking Brake 6.Gear Selector-Automatic 7.Gear Selector-Manual 8.Clutch 9.Cruise Control

8. Ignition Switch Start the car’s engine by inserting the key in your vehicle’s ignition switch and turning the key Most are located on the steering column Can also be found on the dashboard Normally have 5 positions 1. Accessory – Electrical equip. w/out the car being on 2. Lock – locks ignition switch, steering wheel, automatic transmission. Lets you remove the key 3. Off – Turns off engine but does not allow the key to be removed 4. On – Turns on the ignition and electrical systems, dashboard information gauges and warning lights 5. Start – Draws power from the battery to start the engine

9. Steering Wheel Controls the direction of the car by turning the steering wheel Power steering, like power brakes, makes it easier to turn the wheel, especially when the car is not moving

10. Accelerator (Gas Pedal) The foot pedal located on the far RIGHT Lets you move the vehicle Pushing the accelerator causes more fuel to flow to the engine – increase speed Releasing the accelerator will cause less fuel to flow to the engine – decrease speed

11. Brake Pedal Enables you to stop or slow down your vehicle Always located just to the left of the accelerator Power brakes require less foot pressure but does NOT reduce the distance it takes a car to stop

12. Parking Brake A.K.A – emergency or hand break Located in 1 of 3 places: A small pedal located to the left side of the floor panel A hand lever under the left side of the dashboard Floor mounted lever located to the right of the driver’s seat

13. Gear Selector Lever – Automatic Transmission Located either on the steering column or on the floor to the right of the driver’s seat Park (P) – locks the transmission Reverse (R) – moves the car backwards Neutral (N) – not in any gear, the wheels are free to roll Drive (D) – moves the car forward Low (L, 2, 1) – delivers more power to the wheels at slower speeds. Usually used to drive up and down steep hills

14. Gearshift For Manual Transmission Clutch – 3 rd foot pedal located to the left of the brake pedal The clutch is need to start the vehicle and to shift gears. May have 3, 4, 5, or 6 different speed positions We’ll cover more of this in future lessons

15. Cruise Control (Speed Control) Maintains a constant speed without having to keep your foot on the accelerator Located on the turn-indicator arm on the steering wheel More fuel efficient Cruise control goes off every time you use the brakes May lead you to become less alert!

16. Visibility 1.Headlights 2.Taillights 3.Daytime Running Lights 4.Fog Lights 5.Rear-View Mirror 6.Side-View Mirror 7.Windshield Wipers and Washers 8.Sun visors

17. What Devices Aid Visibility Headlights Twp types: High-beams and Low-beams Taillights, side markers, dashboard lights Daytime running lights Fog lights

18. Manual 74&75: Using Headlights Headlights must be used between one-half hour after sunset and one-half hour before sunrise Headlights must also be used when visibility is 500 feet or less, when using windhield wipers (during rain, snow and ice) or when encountering fog mist, smoke or other factors that reduce visibility Bright and Dim – The bright beam is open-country driving when there is no traffic in sight Bright beams can momentarily blind other motorists It can take 3-5 seconds for a motorist to recover from the glare of approaching high-beam headlights

19. Rear-view and Side-view Mirrors Help drivers see behind the car and to the sides Should be adjusted so head movement is limited Most have a Day/Night switch Cannot eliminate Blind Spots-Areas of the road that you cannot see while driving the vehicle Windshield Wipers and Washers 3 settings: High, Low, Intermittent Sun Visors

20. Safety Active Safety Devices – requires drivers and passengers to take action to protect themselves. (manual seat belts) Passive Safety Devices – Operate without the user having to do anything. (air bags)

21. 1.Safety Belts 2.Head Restraints 3.Air Bag Supplemental Restraint System 4.Door Locks 5.Other Safety Features Tempered safety glass, energy absorbing steering wheel, child proof door locks, ignition Buzzer, locks, alarms

22. Manual 38-41: New Jersey’s Seat Belt Law All front-seat occupants of passenger vehicle operated in NJ must wear a seat belt Motorists with GDL permits or provisional licenses must use seat belts – all passengers seated anywhere in the in the vehicle must use seat belts Seat belts can improve a motorist’s chances of surviving a crash by 60%

23. Manual 38-41: Car Seats Traffic accidents are the leading killer of children When riding in a vehicle, children should be held in place by a restraint system that meets all Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards It is preferred that whenever possible, child car safety seats be placed in the backseat

24. Manual: Air Bags Air bags are standard equipment in almost all new vehicles are designed to supplement seat belts in frontal crashes Air bags inflate at speeds of up to 200mph to protect adults in a front- end collision

25. Information Speedometer – Shows how fast your vehicle is moving Odometer – Tracks the total number of miles the vehicle has been driven Fuel Gauge Temperature Gauge (warning light) Oil-pressure Gauge (warning Light) Brake (warning Light) Check Engine Light Other Dashboard Lights

26. Communication Taillights Directional Signals (Turn Signal) Emergency Flashers (Hazard lights) Parking Lights Horn

27. Manual 49: Steering & Signaling Hands at 9 and 3 Use Hand-Over-Hand Steering A motorist should always give a proper signal when turning, changing lanes, stopping or slowing down A motorist should turn on the turn signal at least 100 feet before turning

28. What Should You Check Before Entering Your Vehicle Surrounding Area – people, animals, objects, fluid leaks Wheels – underinflated tires, excess wear, tire damage Car Body – damage, lights and windows are clear Under The Hood – once per week: fluid levels Getting Into The Vehicle – load from curb side, have keys in hand, face oncoming traffic, wait for a break in the traffic to open the door

29. What Should You Check After Entering the Vehicle Close and lock all doors Adjust seat Fasten Safety Belt Adjust Head restraint Adjust Mirrors

30. Manual 42-43: Car Condition Back-up lights - illuminated Brakes - test Brake lights - illuminated Headlights – all illuminated Horn - working Steering – no vibration Tail Lights - illuminated Tires – proper pressure Turn Signals – here clicking and see flashing Windshield – no cracks or chips Snow/Ice – must remove