1. RESPIRATORY EMERGENCIES

2. Nose/mouth – pharynx/oropharynx – Larynx – Trachea – Bronchi – Bronchioles – Lungs- Alveoli

3. The intercostal muscles and the diaphragm contract, increasing the size of the thoracic cavity. The diaphragm moves slightly downward, the ribs move upward/outward and air flows into the lungs Inhalation Exhalation is the reverse ALL IS NORMAL BASED ON………

4. RateRhythmQualityDepth 12-20regularbreath adequate sounds Skin is warm/pink/dry

5. Minute Volume

6. Normal Minute Volume 12bpm x 500 mL – 150 mL/bpm dead space= 4200mL/minute

7. INADEQUATE BREATHING Respiratory Distress Respiratory Failure Respiratory Arrest

8. Inadequate Breathing Defined

9. Signs of Inadequate Breathing

10. Respiratory Distress

11. Respiratory Failure

12. Respiratory Arrest

13. Patient Assessment RateRhythm Quality 12-20RegularDepth (minute volume) None Too Fast Too Slow

14. Oxygen Therapy Nasal Canulae Non-Rebreather

15. Oxygen Therapy (administration) Examples requiring O2 administration: Respiratory or cardiac arrest Heart attack Stroke Shock Blood loss Lung disease Broken bones Head injuries

16. Hypoxia

17. Breathing Difficulties Signs and Symptoms Shortness of breath Tightness in the chest Restlessness Increased pulse rate Decreased pulse rate (especially in infants and children) Changes in breathing rate/rhythm

18. Pale, cyanotic or flushed skin Noisy breathing Inability to speak in full sentences Use of accessory muscles Retractions AMS Coughing Flared nostrils; pursed lips Positioning Barrel chest

19. Focused History and Physical Exam O P Q R S T Lung sounds Care Oxygen administration

20. Respiratory Conditions COPD Emphysema Chronic Bronchitis Black Lung CHF Hypoxic Drive NEVER WITHHOLD OXYGEN

21. Asthma Seen in young and old alike Episodic disease May be triggered by an allergic reaction

22. When an attack occurs Small bronchioles become narrow Overproduction of thick mucus Small passages practically shut down Flow restricted in one direction Expiratory wheezes Air is trapped in the lungs

23. Assisting with the Inhaler The drug is in the form of a fine powder that become active when comes in contact with lung tissue Calm your patient Administration check list Right patient Right medication Right dose Right route Check expiration date

24. Shake inhaler vigorously several times Make sure patient is alert enough to properly use Make sure patient exhales deeply Inhale deeply as Inhaler is administered Hold breath as long as possible