2. COMMUNICATION SKILLS ORIGIN AND IMPORTANCE OF LANGUAGE BY RIDA KHURSHID

3. CONTENTS Definition of language Origin of language Theories about origin of language Languages commonly used in Pakistan Origin of Urdu Origin of English Origin of Pashto Origin of Punjabi Origin of Sindhi Importance of language

4. LANGUAGE:- Communication of thoughts and feelings through a system of arbitrary signals,such as voice,sounds,gestures or written symbols. According to Shakespeare language is a characteristic style of speech or writing.

5. ORIGIN OF LANGUAGE:- GLOTTOGONY No existence of primitive language Languages of comparable complexity Proto-language Proto language a stage in the evolution of language

6. MONOGENESIS Hypothesis All other languages spoken by humans descend proto language

7. THEORIES The mama theory The ta-ta theory The bow-wow theory The pooh-pooh theory The ding-dong theory The vo-he-ho theory The sing-song theory The hey you!theory The hocus pocus theory The eureka! Theory

8. COMMAN LANGUAGES OF PAKISTAN:- Urdu English Pashto Punjabi Sindhi

9. ORIGIN OF URDU Created around 1600’s in Central Asia Derived from Turkish word ‘ordu’ Meaning army encampment Amalgamation of foreigners language and South Asian language Initially called as Zaban-e-ordu-e-Mualla

10. Involves Arabic,Persian and Sanskrit too Contains 70% Farsi Mixture of Arabic and Turkish Mainly developed in Lucknow Began taking shape in Delhi Sultanate and Mughal empire(1526-1858)

11. ORIGIN OF ENGLISH History of English begins a little after 600 AD West Germanic language Originated from Anglo- Frisian and Lower Saxon dialects Brought to Britain by Germanic settlers and troops of Northern Netherlands In 5 th century

12. England and English words are derived German tribe”Angles” History of English is divided into three categories

14. ORIGIN OF PASHTO Pashtuns to Israelite origin Some believes Pashtuns to be Arians Israelitic theory:Pashto is like Arabic and Hebrew Arian origin:Relate Pashto to Indo- European language Two main dialects

16. ORIGIN OF PANJABI Indo-Aryan language Descendant of Saurasein Prakrit Which is a chief language of Medieval Northern India Early Punjabi literature – spiritual in nature BABA BULLEH SHAH(1680-1757)

17. ORIGIN OF SINDHI One of the most ancient language Origin before Sanskrit Ancient Indo-Aryan language Roots in the civilization of Mohen-jo- Daro

18. Lahnda and Kashmiri cognate sisters Dardic element Sprinkling of Dravidian,Arabic and Persian words

19. IMPORTANCE OF LANGUAGE Vital tool of communication Mean of conveying thoughts and ideas Provides opportunity to learn other cultures Helps to increase: Friendship Cultural ties Economic relationships