1. From little acorns in January 2001…… Leicestershire and Rutland Community Safer Sex Project Alison Reeve “Providing sexual health services in local settings”

3. England & Wales Conceptions 1969-2005 Rate is per 1,000 women aged 15-19 Conceptions Abortions 1995 1996

4. Sexual health and young people an overview Sexual health, teenage pregnancy and young people – statistics, trends and motivations Legal issues and their implications for practice Promoting safer sex and responsible, positive approaches Contraception; an introduction

5. Teenage Pregnancy How many young women under 18 became pregnant in 2008? (a) in England (b) in Leicestershire

6. Under 18 conception statistics 2008 PROVISIONAL RATE FOR ENGLAND: 38,750/40.4 per 1000 ( 49.7% abortion rate) This represents a decrease of 13.3% since 1998 PROVISIONAL RATE FOR LEICS: 401/33.1 per 1000 ( 57% abortion rate) This represents a decrease of 12.9% since 1998

7. England & Wales Conceptions 1969-2005 Rate is per 1,000 women aged 15-19 Conceptions Abortions 1995 1996

8. “I would that there were no age between 10 and 23, for there’s nothing in between but getting wenches with child, wronging the ancestry, stealing & fighting” Shakespeare – The Winter’s Tale Act 3

10. What is the average age of first intercourse ? (a) worldwide (b) in the UK

11. Teenage Pregnancy is complex as there are a range of factors that are associated with whether or not a teenager becomes pregnant

12. Sexually transmitted infection How many diagnoses of Chlamydia are made in GU Clinics in the UK each year?

13. Diagnoses of sexually transmitted infection in the UK (fig in brackets relates to % of diagnoses to 16 to 24 yr age group)) 2006 20072008 Chlamydia113,713121,791123,018 (65%) Genital Warts83,61689,51592,525 (55%) Gonorrhoea18,86318,64916,629 (47%) Genital Herpes 21,87726,27028,957 (44%) Syphilis2,6832,6332,524 (17%)

14. How do young people learn about sex?

16. The Sexual Offences Act The SO Act 2003 is the first major overhaul of sexual offences legislation for more then 100 yrs It offers a clear framework to protect the public from sexual crimes The Act contains new and updated offences reflecting societal change in the 21 st century and closer monitoring of sex offenders

17. Protecting children The legal age for young people to have sex is 16, whether straight,gay or bisexual The law does not seek to prosecute mutually agreed sexual activity between teenagers, unless it involves abuse ‘’Those below the age of consent are unlikely to be prosecuted if both are enjoying the embrace’’ (Home Office)

18. In England and Wales the same laws apply to heterosexual and homosexual activity and offences can be committed by anyone, male or female, over the age of 10 (the age of criminal responsibility) It is an offence for anyone, male or female, to intentionally engage in sexual touching (including sexual intercourse) with a young person aged 13, 14 or 15

19. A person aged 18 or over is liable to up to 14 years imprisonment for this offence A person under 18 is liable to up to 5 years imprisonment ( A person may claim in their defence that they believed the young person to be 16 or over )

20. Women as sex offenders Less than 5% of sex offences against children are known to have been committed by women Overt sexual activity between an adult female and a boy may not be conceptualised as “abuse”. In spite of this confusion, the child may be encouraged to view the event as proof of his virility

21. Sexual health advice and treatment Those who act with the purpose of protecting a child from sti, protecting their physical safety, or preventing a child from becoming pregnant, are not liable to prosecution.

22. Sections 5 - 8: Protecting under 13s Rape of a child under 13 All penetrative sex of a child under 13 is now automatically classed as rape with a maximum penalty of life in prison Assault of a child under 13 by penetration Sexual assault of a child under 13 Causing or inciting a child under 13 to engage in sexual activity.

24. Patterns of Contraceptive Use in UK Women

25. Use of contraception in women under 50 ( Office National Statistics 2007/8) Contraceptive pill 28% Male condom 24% Vasectomy 10% Female sterilisation 7% Intra uterine device 4% Withdrawal 4% Hormonal intrauterine system 3% Hormonal injection 3% Implant 2%.

26. Contraceptive Efficacy - Adapted from Trussell, Contraceptive Efficacy, 2007 % Pregnant Typical UsePerfect Use No method 85 Withdrawal 274 Calendar 9 Diaphragm 166 Male condom 152 COC/POP 80.3 Combined patch 80.3 Combined hormonal ring 80.3 Depo Provera 30.3 Copper IUD 0.80.6 LNG-IUS 0.1 Implant 0.05 Female sterilisation 0.5 Male sterilisation 0.150.1

27. Any questions?