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Published byBathsheba Barker Modified over 9 years ago
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Skeletal System
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Functions Provide support Protect internal organs Allows your body to move Stores and produces materials that your body needs
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Development of Bones Newborn skeleton is made up of cartilage –Cartilage- a tough supporting tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone
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Structure of bone Compact bone- make up the outer layer of all bones Spongy bone- contains flat and needlelike structures that resist stress Bone marrow- tissue that fills the spaces in bones
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Joints Joint- a place in your body where two or more of your bones come together Types of joints (know examples of each): –Pivot: Head and neck –Ball and socket: Shoulder or Hip –Hinge: Elbow or Finger or Knee –Gliding: Wrist or Ankle Ligaments-what holds bones to bones at joints
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Keep Bones Healthy Eat well Exercise –Weight bearing exercises Avoid injuries –Bone injuries Fracture –Joint injuries Sprain Dislocation
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Arthritis: inflammation of a joint Involves the breakdown of cartilage of –Cartilage absorbs shock when pressure is placed on joint OsteoarthritisRheumatoid Arthritis
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Muscular System
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Voluntary vs. Involuntary Voluntary Movement – movement that is under our conscious control Involuntary Movement – muscles that are not under our conscious control
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Types of Muscles Skeletal muscle- voluntary muscle that we control to do activities Cardiac muscle- involuntary muscle that is found only in the heart Smooth muscle- involuntary muscles that causes movements within your body
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How Muscles Work Contracting (becoming shorter and thicker) For each contraction, the fibers that contract: –Will depend on the amount of force required –Will contract completely Muscles work in PAIRS
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Keeping Healthy Include warm-up and cool-down Work muscles for both endurance and strength Avoid muscle injuries –Strain –Tendonitis
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