1. Industrial Expansion United States History Mrs. O’Shea

2. Life in 1865 Life in 1865 – Read p. 457 No electricity Oil expensive – no lamps for many Very little communication Travel slow Mail slow

3. Technological Revolution Electricity Improvements Oil – drilling Railroads Improvements Telegraph Telephone Steel

4. Invention Inventor Effects 1.Oil Drilling 2.Light Bulb 3.Electrical Transformer 4.Telegraph 5.Telephone 6.Railroads 7.Bessemer Process Directions: Complete one chart for each of the inventions

5. Oil Drilling Inventor: Effects:

6. Light Bulb Inventor: Effects:

7. Electrical Transformer Inventor: Effects:

8. Telegraph Inventor: Effects:

9. Telephone Inventor: Effects:

10. Railroads Inventor: Effects:

11. Bessemer Process Inventor: Effects:

12. Big Business Invention -> Factories and Marketing -> $$$ Inventors needed investors willing to take a gamble on a new product. Enter … the businessman

13. Social Darwinism Charles Darwin – survival of the fittest Social Darwinism – apply Darwin’s ideas to society “Fit” = succeed and become rich = Employers “Weak” = Employees

14. Monopoly vs. Oligopoly Oligopoly – market dominated by a few large, profitable companies Examples: Breakfast Cereals Cars Monopoly – market dominated by one company Examples: AT&T Microsoft

15. Robber Barons or Captains of Industry Robber Baron cruel and ruthless businessmen who would stop at nothing to achieve great wealth accused of exploiting workers and forcing horrible working conditions and unfair labor practices upon them Captain of Industry ingenious leaders who transformed American economy with their business skills praised for their philanthropy (charity)

16. What do you think? Carnegie – Rockefeller – Captain of Industry Robber Baron

17. Leaders in Industry Positives Charity Advancements in technology Expansion of business ($$$) in U.S. Negatives Exploitation of workers Putting others out of business

24. Unions Became a means for expressing workers’ demands to employers Shorter work hours Higher wages Better working conditions

25. Laissez-Faire “the functions of the state should be limited to internal police and foreign protection — no public education, no limitation of hours of labor, no welfare legislation.” Does this go along with the ideas be hind social Darwinism?

26. Collective Bargaining – Scabs –

27. Collective Bargaining – negotiate as a group (power in numbers) Scabs – workers called in to replace striking workers

28. Employers Reactions 1.Forbidding union meetings 2.Firing union organizers 3.Yellow dog contracts – I will not participate in union activities 4.Refusing collective bargaining 5.Refusing to recognize union representatives

29. Review for Quiz 1.Oil Drilling 2.Light Bulb 3.Electrical Transformer 4.Telegraph 5.Telephone 6.Railroads 7.Bessemer Process 8.Social Darwinism 9.Monopoly 10.Oligopoly 11.Robber Barons vs. Captain of Industry 12.Rockefeller 13.Carnegie 14.Unions – collective bargaining, scabs 15.Haymarket Riot 16.Homestead Strike 17.Pullman Strike 18.Great Railroad Strike of 1877 Flashcards – definition, picture, important names, places, people