1. Intro to Ions

2. Let’s look at our families- What ion will each form?  It all starts with the noble gases… Everyone wants to be NOBLE

4. How are these ions made?  Can you mess with protons?  Would messing with neutrons do anything to the charge?  What must you mess with???  What charge does an electron have?  So what would happen to the atom if they LOSE one? Would they get more positive or more negative overall???

5. IONS  If you mess with the electrons you change the overall charge of the atom…an atom that is no longer neutral is called an ION.  ANION- has a negative charge  Means you added an electron!  CATION- has a positive charge  Means you lost an electron

6. Let’s look at our families- What ion will each form?  It all starts with the noble gases… Everyone wants to be NOBLE

7. These are the “magic numbers”  Each of these atomic numbers will make a “full outer shell” (OCTET RULE)  Other families will lose or gain electrons to get the these “numbers”  Exceptions to Octet Rule: H, He, Li, Be,

8. Alkali Metals  All (except hydrogen- of course) will lose one electron to form a __________ charge.  (1+)

9. Alkaline Earth Metals  All will lose two electrons to form a __________ charge.  (2+) Ex- A neutral Mg atom has 12 protons and 12 electrons (+12) + (- 12) = 0 A Mg ion has 12 protons and only 10 electrons (+12) + (-10) = +2

10. Boron Family  All will lose three electron to form a ____ charge.  (3+)

11. Carbon Family is special  All have four valence electrons, so it can lose four OR gain four to fulfill its octet! So it can form a _____ or a ______charge! (4+) or (4-)

12. Nitrogen Family  All have 5 valence electrons, so it will look to gain 3 electrons  So it will form a (3-) charge

13. Oxygen Family  All will gain two electrons to form a __________ charge.  (2-) Ex- A neutral Oxygen atom has 8 protons and 8 electrons (+8) + (-8) = 0 An Oxygen ion has 8 protons and 10 electrons (+8) + (-10) = (2-)

14. HALOGENS  All will gain one electrons to form a __________ charge.  (1-)

15. How about those noble gases?  They will NOT FORM IONS!!!