1. D of E Expeditions Thinking about Equipment

10.  Plan, train for and complete an unaccompanied, self-reliant journey with an agreed aim.  Make a presentation.  Power point  T – shirt  Written report  See - www.dofe.org See - www.dofe.org An Expedition

11.  History  Explore and document cairns in Scotland  Investigate Roman sites around Hadrian's Wall  Photograph and describe interesting old buildings along your route  Explore an historic place made famous in a film and document the scenery  Teamwork  As a team, identify different team roles and rotate each day  Create a series of communication signals to use within your team  Do a fun team game or challenge each day to promote team building  Make a video diary of your teams experiences, from camping and cooking to researching your destination  Monitoring and evidencing the impact of a physically demanding expedition on the body by walking all day and measuring calorie intake, heart rate and pulse compared too normal.  Environment  Decorate a white t-shirt, using inspiration from the scenery that you see along your route  Search for forms of fungi, photograph or sketch them and record them  List and film the different kinds of birds you see  As second mini aim, draw all the different star constellations that you see Aim

12. Expedition Requirements - Bronze LevelDurationMinimum hours planned activity Unofficial distance Bronze2 days, 1 nightMinimum 6 hours, 3 hours journeying 15 miles/24 kilometres

13. Expedition Requirements - Silver LevelDurationMinimum hours planned activity Unofficial distance Silver3 days, 2 nightMinimum 7 hours, 3.5 hours journeying 30 miles/48 kilometres

14. Expedition Requirements - Gold LevelDurationMinimum hours planned activity Unofficial distance Gold4 days, 3 nightMinimum 8 hours, 4 hours journeying 50 miles/80 kilometres

15.  Understand the Causes of Accidents  Team Work  Planning an appropriate route  Navigation Skills  Equipment  Emergency Rations  Packing, Load Carrying and Walking  Camping  Accident and Emergency Procedures  First Aid Safety

16.  Classroom-based work.  Practice expedition.  Equipment  Planning and navigating a route  Emergency procedures. Training

17.  Carelessness – most accidents occur when walking down hill.  Lack of observation  Failing to work together as a group  The group separates. The Causes of Accidents

18.  See separate power point. Planning the Route/Navigating

19.  Tent  Cooker, fuel bottles, pans  Tin opener  Dish washing equipment – scourer, detergent  Matches  Map and compass  Bivvy bag  First Aid Kit Equipment - Shared

20. Equipment - Personal  Walking boots, socks.  Trousers (not jeans), shirts, fleece.  Hat or balaclava (70% heat rule).  Gloves or mitts.  Cagoule, overtrousers.  Sleeping bag  Karrimat or similar  K,F,S,P,B,M.  Food  Water bottle  Emergency Rations  First Aid Kit  Washing gear, small towel  Whistle  Torch  Polythene bags  Notebook, pencils  Camera?  Mobile phone*

21.  Cagoules and overtrousers  Goretex or similar.  Sealed seams.  Lighter weight the better.  2 layer or 3 layer.  Hood - wired  Pockets Waterproofs

22.  High energy foods – Kendal mint cake, chocolate, nuts and raisins, packet soups.  Only use in an emergency – may be inspected at the end of an expedition (assessor may fail anyone if they are not there and there has not been an emergency).  An emergency is eg waiting for rescue. Emergency Rations

23.  Capacity of 55 litres or more.  Must have a frame (often hidden within the material of the bag) for support.  External pockets are very useful. The Rucksack

24.  Light weight items at the bottom, heavy at the top.  Items needed during the day walk – at the top or in the side pockets (eg lunch, waterproofs).  Items not needed during the day walk – at the bottom (eg sleeping back, cooker).  Evenly balance the weight on each side for comfort.  Total weight of around 14kg.  Karrimat or roll mat attached through straps under the bag.  Tent in a plastic bag across the top of the tent.  Do not tie things to the outside of the bag which will swing as you walk. Packing the Rucksack

25.  Leather or canvas or suede  Cleated, vibram sole – grip  Sewn in tongue – to keep out water.  High ankle – for support.  Waterproofed – eg wax, dubbin or spray  Cushioning and stiffening.  Goretex (not essential) Boots

26.  Take great care – it is your home for the expedition. They are expensive.  Do not wear boots inside – they can rip the ground sheet.  Do not cook inside a tent.  Put up properly – otherwise if it rains you will get wet. The tent

27.  Choose a good site/location: Not under trees Level ground Not stony ground Free from surface water (or the possibility that water will flow on to the tent). Protected from the prevailing wind.  Pegs in at 45 degrees  Guy ropes firmly secured.  Look after pole and peg bags.  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a5ZLjQWUEFA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a5ZLjQWUEFA Putting up a tent

28.  Make sure you have enough food.  You will burn about 4000 calories each day (compared to a normal 2000 – 2500)  You must have at least two hot meals each day.  Breakfast – cereal bars, beans and sausage, porridge.  Lunch – cereal bars, cheese and biscuits.  Evening meal – boil in the bag rice, chicken in sauce. (Noodles – not good).  Snacks – lots (nuts and raisins, cereal bars).  Eat little and often.  Drink – keep hydrated. Food

29.  TAKE GREAT CARE – a potentially dangerous activity.  Trangia stoves  Place the cooker on level ground, make sure it is stable.  Place away from the tent – tents are highly flammable.  Be careful when moving around the cooker.  Wet weather – waterproofs on and cook away from the tent.  Organise all ingredients before cooking to reduce movement.  Rubbish – make sure it does not blow away, stow in a rubbish bag as you make the meal.  Take water from a tap or a flowing stream (if from a tarn/lake then you must boil it). Cooking

30.  Wear as high as possible on the shoulders – the weight should go down through the spine. If worn low it will arch the back.  Tighten straps over the shoulder to keep the bag high.  Fasten the hip belt so that the hips take some of the weight. Wearing the Rucksack

31.  Take the tent down – check you do not lose pegs etc.  Take all rubbish with you when wild camping or dispose in a bin if on a campsite.  The only sign that you camped at the location should be flattened grass!  Litter = Failure (it is a serious breach of the country code). Leaving the Site