1. Generation of Magnetic Fields in Gravitationally Forming Structures in the Early Universe Russell M. Kulsrud Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory

2. OUTLINE PROPERTIES OF OUR GALACTIC MAGNETIC FIELD STANDARD DISC DYNAMO THEORY PROTOGALACTIC ORIGIN

3. OUR GALACTIC MAGNETIC FIELD The field is toroidal. Its strength is 2 microgauss. It varies in radius possibly changing every spiral arm or about one kiloparsec. It does not change in the direction perpendicular to the disc. Figure 1: The galactic magnetic field

4. THE ALPHA-OMEGA DISC DYNAMO THEORY THE THEORY CONSERVES FLUX, SO TO WORK IT HAS TO EXPEL NEGATIVE FLUX THIS IS VERY DIFFICULT BECAUSE THE GALACTIC DISC IS IN A DEEP POTENTIAL WELL AND THE FLUX MUST CARRY MATTER OUT WITH IT Figure 2: The escape of negative flux in the Alpha- Omega dynamo.

5. OTHER ORIGINS The Galaxy was originally a plasma in the form of a protogalaxy » 100kpc with a mass of 10 11 solar masses. It resulted from a gravitational collapse and smaller parts also suffered gravitational collapse creating many small shocks.

6. Shocks Creating Turbulence These shocks produced vorticity, turbulence, weak magnetic fields (Biermann) and heating that led to the support of the protogalaxy against gravity.

8. k

9. The Magnetic Differential Equation

10. The Solution

11. B 0 =6£10 -6 gauss lnB/B0 lnk/k0

14. CONCLUSION Magnetic Fields may have already been generated before our galaxy was fully formed due to plasma processes in the preceding protogalaxy. This may be a common phenomenon.