1. History of Texas, 4e © 2007, Harlan Davidson, Inc. 1 Instructor E-Sources PowerPoint™ Presentation Chapter 10 Progressivism in Texas The History of Texas Harlan Davidson, Inc.

2. History of Texas, 4e © 2007, Harlan Davidson, Inc. 2 Learning Outcomes (10) Understand the origins of progressive reform, be knowledgeable of specific reforms that impacted the state and nation, appreciate the political and economic ramifications of progressive reform, anticipate the social implications on women and minorities of progressive reform.

3. History of Texas, 4e © 2007, Harlan Davidson, Inc. 3 Chapter 10 Progressivism in Texas Texas brand ProgressivismTexas brand Progressivism –Limitations A middle-class democratic societyA middle-class democratic society For whites onlyFor whites only Social control embedded in older agrarian solutionsSocial control embedded in older agrarian solutions 20 th Century Texas politics 20 th Century Texas politics –State legislature & reform The poll taxThe poll tax Election laws & tax reformElection laws & tax reform

4. History of Texas, 4e © 2007, Harlan Davidson, Inc. 4 Progressivism in Texas 20 th Century Texas politics20 th Century Texas politics – Baileyism & antitrust: Progressivism? Waters-Pierce case Conflict-of-interest The Campbell & Colquitt Administrations – The Campbell & Colquitt Administrations Progressive reformers Tax, insurance, & banking reform Regulatory legislations Response to the Mexican Revolution

5. History of Texas, 4e © 2007, Harlan Davidson, Inc. 5 Progressivism in Texas General Progressive reformsGeneral Progressive reforms –Education Under-funded & poorly attended Move to regularize –Improve transportation –Provide free textbooks The compulsory attendance debate Teacher accreditation A Progressive educational philosophy – A Progressive educational philosophy

6. History of Texas, 4e © 2007, Harlan Davidson, Inc. 6 Progressivism in Texas General Progressive reformsGeneral Progressive reforms – Institutional reforms Prison reform Better care for the poor, mentally ill, & physically challenged Hospitals & Asylums Forest Conservation & Roads – Forest Conservation & Roads Texas Department of Forestry The Good Roads Movement

7. History of Texas, 4e © 2007, Harlan Davidson, Inc. 7 Progressivism in Texas Fergusonism: Reform interruptedFergusonism: Reform interrupted – An anti-prohibition campaign – Border problems “Bandit” Raids Plan de San Diego Pancho Villa & Pershing Texas Rangers & Tejanos Suffrage – Suffrage – Permanent University Fund James E. & Miriam A. Ferguson

8. History of Texas, 4e © 2007, Harlan Davidson, Inc. 8 Progressivism in Texas Some soldiers from the Punitive Expedition, 1916

9. History of Texas, 4e © 2007, Harlan Davidson, Inc. 9 Progressivism in Texas Woodrow Wilson, Will Hobby, & WW IWoodrow Wilson, Will Hobby, & WW I –Wilson’s 1912 election –Hobby mandate repudiates Fergusonism –Texans & The Great War 197,789 serve - 5,170 casualties Army & Air Corps camps established in Texas Inflation & cost of government rises New opportunities for women –Women in Action Suffrage Women’s organizations

10. History of Texas, 4e © 2007, Harlan Davidson, Inc. 10 Progressivism in Texas Katherine Stinson being sworn in as an airmail pilot, San Antonio, Texas, May 14, 1915

11. History of Texas, 4e © 2007, Harlan Davidson, Inc. 11 Progressivism in Texas Texas after WW ITexas after WW I Prohibition in Texas – The 18 th Amendment – Prohibition in Texas – The 18 th Amendment The Wet / Dry debate During WW I “patriotic” not to drink The legacy of WW I in Texas – The legacy of WW I in Texas Antiforeign hysteria Social control & the public schools The Return of Progressive Administration – The Return of Progressive Administration Reluctant legislators & unconcerned electorate The challenge of nnforcing prohibition

12. History of Texas, 4e © 2007, Harlan Davidson, Inc. 12 Progressivism in Texas KKK, Fundamentalism, & Evolution DebateKKK, Fundamentalism, & Evolution Debate – – The urban KKK & moral conformity – Religious fundamentalism – Defeat of anti-evolution legislation The Waning of Progressivism, 1925-1931The Waning of Progressivism, 1925-1931 – Gov. Miriam A. Ferguson & the Klan – Abuse of ethical standards – Gov. Moody & “business progressivism” – A Progressive legacy?

13. History of Texas, 4e © 2007, Harlan Davidson, Inc. 13 Key Words & Terms (10) James "Pa" Ferguson Terrell law - primaries poll tax chartering of state banks Baileyism and antitrust Thomas M. Campbell Oscar Branch Colquitt Prohibition Educational reforms University Interscholastic League Institutional reforms Good Roads Movement Texas Highway Dept. Texas Forestry Association Plan de San Diego William P. Hobby, World War I "Immortal Forty" Annie Webb Blanton League of Women Voters Robertson Insurance Law of 1907 "petticoat lobby" Pat M. Neff The Rebel Miriam "Ma" Ferguson