1. Art and the Catholic Reformation

2. Elements of the Baroque Movement

3. Baroque Style Exaggerated motion Clear, easily interpreted details
Aimed at the senses and emotions
Used dramatic scenes to emphasize religious events
Attempted to overwhelm the viewer

4. Reformation and the Catholic Reformation
Baroque Art
Age of Absolutism

5. Council of Trent & Art Teach the faithful Theology of the Holy Fathers
Mysteries of Redemption
Articles of Faith
Be moved by the Saints
Model their lives after the Saints

6. Other Objectives
Promote thanksgiving
Remind the worshipper of God’s gifts
Give instruction to the illiterate
Instructions to the Church leadership
Keep the focus on traditional images
Recover souls lost to the Protestant Reformation

7. Warnings in Trent Do not suggest that the images contain divinity
Remove any images that promote false teaching
Do not pursue “filthy quest for gain” or promote superstition
Do not create art with “seductive charm”

8. Do not make the work of the saints look like “boisterous festivities”
Nothing should appear disorderly of arranged in a confusing matter
Nothing profane
No unusual images

9. Aims (Trent and Beyond)
Combat Reformation and the Scientific Revolution
Reach a large audience
Embody religions experience
Images could have an efficacious impact in devotion
Impress the faithful of the reality of the spiritual experience of the Church
Propaganda

10. Other Guidelines For Church Art
Be clear, simple and intelligible
Contain a realistic interpretation
Be an emotional stimulant to the faithful masses
Support of transcend the spoken word
Emphasis on the mystical
A tool for instructing the illiterate

11. Important Themes Depiction of correct doctrine Magnificence of Church
Emphasis on passion and devotion
The reality of the spiritual experience
Visions and mystical experiences
Conversion
Martyrdom and Death

12. Reach A Large Audience San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane - Borromini
Worship of the Holy Name of Jesus - Pozzo
Baldachin over the High Altar of St. Peter's - Bernini

13. Be Moved By the Lives of the Saints
St. Jerome - Caravaggio
St. George and the Dragon - Tintoretto
Judith Slaying Holofernes - Gentileschi

14. Saints - Martyrdom Martyrdom of St. Bartholomew - Ribera
Crucifixion of St. Peter -Caravaggio
Martyrdom of St. Matthew - Caravaggio

15. Teach The Faith Calling of St. Matthew - Caravaggio
Supper at Emmaus - Caravaggio
Doubting Thomas - Caravaggio
The Entombment - Caravaggio

16. Teach the Faith The Nativity - Barocci
Assumption of the Virgin - Carracci
Dead Christ Mourned- Carracci

17. Teach the Faith
St. Luke Displaying A Painting of the Virgin - Barbieri
Triumph of the Barberini - Cortona

18. Emotional and Religious Experiences
The Conversion of St. Paul - Caravaggio
Ecstasy of St. Teresa - Bernini
Last Supper - Tintoretto

19. Emotional and Religions Experiences
St. Francis in Ecstasy - Caravaggio
Finding of St. Mark’s Remains -Tintoretto
Mystical Marriage of Saint Catherine - Carracci

20. Evolution of the Movement
Spreads across Europe – even to Protestant countries
Spread (via the Jesuits) around the globe
Secular subjects
Became a political propaganda tool

21. To what extent did Baroque Art achieve its purposes?