1. 1 Role of Universities in EFA : Asia and the Pacific Region MOLLY N.N. LEE, UNESCO BANGKOK, email: m.lee@unescobkk.org

2. 2 Universities’ Contribution in 4 Main Areas I.Education and Training II. Research and Development III.UNITWIN/UNESCO Chairs IV.University student body

3. 3 I. Teacher Education: Early Childhood Education Training of kindergarten teachers Examples: University of Science Malaysia and Australian universities

4. 4 I. Teacher Education: Primary Schools Bachelor of Education Programmes: Pre-service, in-service, on-campus and distance learning Examples: All the public universities in Malaysia, and Open University Malaysia Short-term in-service programmes

5. 5 I. Professional Training of Educational Personnel For school heads For teacher educators, curriculum developers, school counselors, and education administrators through post-graduate programmes by Faculty of Education in most universities.

6. 6 II. Research on EFA Policy and Planning Teaching and Learning Curriculum Development Teacher Education Educational Administration and Management Assessment and Evaluation

7. 7 II. Policy and Planning: Examples Educational Planning: demand and supply of teachers, school mapping, staffing ratio Educational Expenditure: unit cost at various educational level, public subsidies, cost of different types of schools, private provision Decentralization strategies Language policies

8. 8 II. Teaching and Learning: Examples Class sizes and Classroom processes Monitoring student learning Pedagogical studies: How to teach a particular subject better? The use of educational technology in teaching- learning Process of learning Cognitive development Motivation and school learning

9. 9 II. Curriculum Development: Examples Civics and Citizenship Education Values Education Education for Sustainable Development Life skills Literacy and reading Mathematics curricula Science curricula Language teaching

10. 10 II. Teacher Education: Examples Desired characteristics of a good teacher Teacher competencies, values and beliefs Teacher as reflective practitioner Teacher as action researcher Assessment of teaching When and where in pre-service teacher education

11. 11 II. Education Administration and Management: Examples Decentralization Effective schools School-based management School supervision and monitoring School leadership and management Family and community participation in schools

12. 12 II. Assessment and Evaluation: Examples Review of system of examination and assessment Learning achievement studies Measurement of educational performances Evaluation of educational programmes

13. 13 II. Development of Materials in support for EFA Teaching materials for primary school teachers Curriculum materials for rural schools and multigrade classrooms Teaching modules for children with special needs Educational softwares and coursewares for teaching

14. 14 III. UNITWIN/ UNESCO Chairs China: UNESCO Chair on Literacy and Adult Education for Training of Personnel in Rural Areas (The Agriculture University of Hebei) India: UNESCO Chair in Teacher Education Through Distance Mode (Indira Gandhi National Open University) Kazakhstan: UNESCO Chair on Science Education and Teacher Training (Almaty Abai State University)

15. 15 IV. University Students Community development Extra tuition School co-curricular activities