1. Knowing Journal Users: Methods for User-Focused Research and a Case Study of Pediatricians Carol Tenopir Univ. of Tennessee,ctenopir@utk.edu Michael Clarke American Academy of Pediatrics, mclarke@aap.org

2. 2 Why Study Journal Use? To make decisions on electronic and print purchases in libraries To make decisions on electronic and print purchases in libraries To design better journals and systems To design better journals and systems To offer better library services To offer better library services To stay relevant in the future To stay relevant in the future To drive information literacy instruction To drive information literacy instruction To increase use To increase use

3. 3 Reading Patterns and Preferences How does use of scholarly materials differ among various disciplines? How does use of scholarly materials differ among various disciplines? How does use of scholarly materials differ by various work roles/level of expertise? How does use of scholarly materials differ by various work roles/level of expertise? How has use of scholarly materials changed over time? How has use of scholarly materials changed over time? Does anyone read print journals anymore? Does anyone read print journals anymore? Does anyone use library-provided materials anymore? Does anyone use library-provided materials anymore?

4. 4 Learning About Users and Usage Opinions, preferences (individual) Usage logs Critical incident (readings), Experimental Citations

5. 5 What Conclusions Can You Draw?  Usage logs  What groups do for electronic  Interviews/surveys/  Opinion, what individuals and journals groups say they do in general and why  Critical (last) incident  What individuals say they do, why, outcomes and value why, outcomes and value  Observational/  What individuals do in a Experimental controlled or natural setting, and outcomes and outcomes  Citation Analysis  What authors cite and value

6. 6 Carol Tenopir. “Use and Users of Electronic Library Resources: An Overview and Analysis of Recent Research Studies”. Prepared for Council on Library and Information Resources Washington, D.C. August 2003. http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub120abst.html

7. 7 Some more about Tenopir & King surveys and pediatricians 25,000+ respondents 25,000+ respondents All subjects (mostly scientists, engineers, physicians, and social scientists) All subjects (mostly scientists, engineers, physicians, and social scientists) University and non-university work places University and non-university work places Mostly North American (2004 Australian) Mostly North American (2004 Australian) Medical surveys of UT faculty Medical surveys of UT faculty Pediatricians in 2004 Pediatricians in 2004

8. 8 Types of questions Demographic Demographic General/recollection General/recollection Last incident of reading (to get details, plus outcomes and value of reading) Last incident of reading (to get details, plus outcomes and value of reading) Preferences/opinions Preferences/opinions

9. 9 Surveys of AAP members One survey asked preferences of things specific to AAP journals One survey asked preferences of things specific to AAP journals It also asked specifically about reading in Pediatrics and other related journals It also asked specifically about reading in Pediatrics and other related journals A second survey replicated other surveys by Tenopir & King, focusing on purpose and value of last reading A second survey replicated other surveys by Tenopir & King, focusing on purpose and value of last reading

10. 10 Survey results from first AAP survey… Mike Clarke Mike Clarke

11. 11 Pediatricians Compared to others… Carol Tenopir Carol Tenopir

12. 12 Reading Varies by Subject Discipline and workplace Univ. medical Univ. medical Practicing Pediatricians Practicing Pediatricians Univ Scientists Univ Scientists All Scientists All Scientists Soc Sci/Psych Soc Sci/Psych Engineers Engineers ~322 articles/year ~322 articles/year ~180 articles/year ~180 articles/year ~216 articles/year ~216 articles/year ~130 articles/year ~130 articles/year ~191 articles/year ~191 articles/year ~111 articles/year ~111 articles/year

13. 13 Pediatricians Scientists Astronomers Year of Articles 81.3 % 17 % 2 % 68.8 % 20.8 % 10.4 % 64 % 23 % 13 %

14. 14 Print or Electronic Astronomers Medical Faculty University Faculty 80 % 20 % 75 % 25 % 63 % 37 % Pediatricians 16.4% 83.6% Electronic Print

15. 15 Form of Final Reading by Pediatricians n=644 92.6% 7.5%

16. 16 Sources of Readings Astronomers Medical Faculty Universities 42.9 % 21.4 % 35.7 % 22.1 % 15.6 % 62.3% 49 % 36 % 15 % 72 % 16 % 12 % Pediatricians

17. 17 Principal Purpose of Reading ReasonsPediatriciansUniv.Medical Current Awareness 50.022.1 Treatment18.2- Diagnosis10.7- Teaching5.316.9 Research5.136.4 Consulting3.43.9 Other5.89.0 Writing1.611.7

18. 18 Location of Pediatricians when Reading LocationPercentage Home50.5 Office36.8 Hospital/Clinic6.2 In transit 3.1 Other2.5 Library1.1 n= 650