1. Communists Triumph in China
Chapter 17, Section 2

2. Internal Struggles Mao Zedong and his communist hold onto north China
Once again they reach out to the peasants for help
The nationalists hold the south and are lead by Jiang Jieshi
Corruption of the Nationalist was their downfall

3. Involvement of the USA The war picks up (again) after WWII
The USA provided $2 billion to the Nationalist
By all means they should have won
But the economy collapsed and the nationalists are to blame
Many of their troops deserted to the communists

4. People’s Republic of China
Mao gains more support and slowly takes over the country
Jieshi fled the country
USA is mad that they wasted the $ on the losing side
Plus the communist have control (containment)
Plus the USSR and China sign a treaty of friendship

5. Two Chinas USA supports the nationalists and aid them
USSR supports the People’s Republic of China giving them aid
When the Soviets “crept” into Asia the USA wanted to expand their influence in the area
KOREA
North Korea = communist (support: USSR, China)
South Korea = democracy (support: USA)

6. Communist China Continues to Expand
Mao did not stop with just China
Tibet, Mongolia, and Indian were taken over
Tibet was a brutal take over
The country was ruled by the Dalai Lama
Tibet broke into chaos
Many fled to Indian to escape China’s influence

7. Transformation Under Mao
The communist party has control of China, now they need control of the people
4.5 million people are party members
That was one percent of the population

8. Mao’s Marxist Socialism
Mao restructured China’s economy under Marxist socialism
8% of the population lived in rural setting but owned no land
70% of farmland was controlled by landlords that lived in the cities
Mao took control of those lands and gave them to the peasants
He killed almost 1 million landlords that resisted

9. Mao’s Marxist Socialism
Between 1953 and 1957 Mao forced people to join collective farms
They consisted of households
Mao gave women equal rights and setup free state-sponsored child care
All private companies slowly were taken over by the state
Mao instituted his own “Five-year Plans”
They worked

10. Mao’s Communes
Expanding the first “Five-year Plan” China’s leaders created even larger communes
By 1958 the gov. created 26,000 communes
They would support up to 25,000 people each
What is a commune?
The intended effect was the opposite
Crop failures in 1958 and 1961 killed an estimated 20 million people

11. New Policies and Mao’s Response
China had internal and external problems in the late 1950s
China and the USSR started to square off over who would lead the communist movement worldwide
Territory disputes and mistrust lead the USSR to discontinue aid to China

12. New Policies and Mao’s Response
After the failure of the “Great Leap Forward” the gov. split into two camps
Soon forms of capitalism started to emerge in China
This upset Mao and in 1966 he launched a new campaign to strengthen communism
Mao called on the youth to create their own revolutions
Many high school and college students took to the streets creating the Red Guards

13. The Cultural Revolution
The Red Guards started the uprising “Cultural Revolution”
The main goal create a society where peasants and workers are equal
Intellectual and artistic activity was deemed pointless and dangerous
The red Guards shut down schools and colleges to stop the threat

14. The Cultural Revolution
They would target anyone that stood against them, even their own parents
Soon chaos hit the entire country and hurt all forms of production
Civil War could breakout at any moment, Mao finally stated that the Cultural Revolution needed to be stopped
In 1976 they disbanded the Red Guard and Zhou Enlai started to restore order