1. Winter wk 8 – Thus.24.Feb.05 Review Ch.30 – Faraday and Lenz laws Ch.32: Maxwell Equations! Gauss: q  E Ampere: I  B Faraday: dB/dt  E (applications) Maxwell: dE/dt  B Magnetism in matter Energy Systems, EJZ

2. Gauss: charge q  E field No magnetic charges Practice: P2 (p.883)

3. Ampere: current I  B field

4. Faraday: dB/dt  E field

5. Lenz’s law tells DIRECTION of  Induced emf opposes change in flux: Induced current I i creates an induced field B i to oppose any change in the external flux. In what direction does current flow, in each diagram?

6. Practice with Lenz’s law In what direction does current flow, in each loop

7. Generators & Transformers

8. AC power depends on transformers Step-up transformer: higher voltage, lower current Step-down: lower voltage, higher current

9. Induced magnetic fields: dE/dt  B Recall Faraday: changing magnetic flux  E field Symmetry: changing electric flux  B Practice: P 5, 10 (p.884)

10. Ampere-Maxwell Law What can cause a magnetic field B? Ampere: Current I  B: Maxwell: changing E  B:

11. Practice with magnetic induction Q1 (p.882): Is E increasing or decreasing? Q2: Which loop has the greatest magnetic circulation?

12. Maxwell Eqns  EM waves Next week we will combine the Maxwell equations to Derive electromagnetic waves Derive the speed of light

13. Magnetism in matter Earth’s B field is due to currents in the molten outer core Electron spin ~ current loop  magnetic moment  =IA Magnetic materials have regions of aligned electron spin Probs. 67, 72, 73