1. AP Environmental Science Math Student Webinars All students are muted. If you need to ask a question you have 2 options: 1.Hit the raise your hand button and I will unmute you 2.Type a question in the box (like text messaging) Susan Ramsey Spring 2011 Webinars 2011

2. Types of Calculations Percent Change Rate Conversions Half-life Laws/ Rules NO CALCULATORS ON THE EXAM

3. Math Skills Order of magnitude Scientific notation Scale Metric Language Long Division Estimating Converting to fractions & decimals

4. Order of Magnitude

5. milli (m) 10 -3 Kilo (k) 10 3 1,000 (thousand) Mega (M) 10 6 1,000,000 (million) Giga (G) 10 9 1,000,000,000 (billion) Tera (T) 10 12 1,000,000,000,000 (trillion) Ratio/Relationship-usually base 10 in APES

6. Finding a Relationship 1% of 100 (10 2 ) is 1 (10 0 ) 1% of 1000 (10 3 ) is 10 (10 1 ) 1% of 1,000,000 (10 6 ) is 10,000 (10 4 ) 1% of 1,000,000,000 (10 9 ) is 10,000,000 (10 7 )

7. Calculations The current global human population is about 6.1 billion and is growing at an annual rate of 1.35 %. If the world population were to grow at this rate for the next year, approximately how many people would be added? A.8 x10 5 B.8 x10 6 C.8 x10 7 D.8 x10 8 E.8 x10 9

9. Scientific Notation Adding & Subtracting (your indices must be the same) Solve: 2.0 x 10 3 + 1.4 x 10 4 = Options: 1.2.0 x 10 3 + 14 x 10 3 = 16 x 10 3 = 1.6 x 10 4 Or 2..20 x 10 4 + 1.4 x 10 4 = 1.6 x 10 4

10. Multiplying :multiply the numbers and add exponents of the power of 10 Dividing; Divide the numbers and subtract the exponents of the power of 10 Scientific Notation

11. Multiplying :multiply the numbers and add exponents of the power of 10 The formula for power is volts times current P= V x I V=voltage (volts) I=current (amps) Using a multi-meter, you measure the voltage of a solar cell to be 1.5 millivolts and the current to be 0.6 milliamps. What is the power of this solar cell? Scientific Notation Practice

12. Practice Using a multi-meter, you measure the voltage of a solar cell to be 1.5 millivolts and the current to be 0.6 milliamps. What is the power of this solar cell?

13. It’s the Law Energy is NEVER created or destroyed ONLY TRANSFORMED The Law of Conservation of Energy

14. ENERGY IN = ENERGY OUT Energy Quality ≠ Energy Quality Before Transformation After Transformation

15. The 10% Rule

16. Calculations If an incandescent light bulb used in a house lamp has an efficiency rating of 5%, then for every 1.00 joule of electrical energy consumed by the bulb, which of the following is produced? a) 1.05 joules of energy b) 1.05 joules of heat energy c) 0.95 joules of light energy d) 0.05 joules of light energy e) 0.05 joules of heat energy

17. Calculations After 200 million years, only 1/16 of the original amount of a particular radioactive waste will remain. The half-life of this radioactive waste is how many million years?

18. Burning of Gasoline (Octane) C 8 H 18 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O Burning of Natural Gas (Methane) CH 4 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O Burning fossil fuels

19. Calculations Biomass provides the nation with 3.28 quads of energy. How many quads of biomass energy are provided by wood and wood waste?

20. Energy Units 1.Btu (British thermal unit) – 2.cal (calorie) or kilocalorie (kcal) 3.J (joule) 4.W (watt) 5.Hp (horsepower) 6.Q (Quad) www.lander.edu/rlayland/Chem%20103/chap_12.ppt

21. Calculations When Uranium atoms split, they give off heat. This heat produces high pressure steam that is used to turn a turbine in a nuclear power plant. Each year, the nations 100 nuclear power plants generate 796 bkWh of electricity-roughly 20% of the total US electricity production. How much electricity does the average US nuclear power plant generate each month?