1. Culture, Socialization, and Education
Chapter 10
Culture, Socialization, and Education

2. Agents of Socialization
Family – Multiple patterns
Single parent families, Mothers who work, the “postnuclear” family, grandparents as primary care-givers
Peers – Multiple influences
Peer culture, extra-curricular activities, bullying School - Multiple messages
Teacher expectations, hidden curriculum, classroom culture
Media – Multiple sources
Television as the “first curriculum,” special impact on girls
Video games
Access to the Internet – the digital “Haves” vs the “Have-nots”

3. Concerns for American Families
Poverty
More Single-Parent Families
Increase in Working Mothers
Latchkey Children
Pressures on Children
Overindulged Children
Homelessness

4. Classroom Culture Routine activities Stress on order and obedience
Seatwork, group discussion, teacher demonstration, Question-and-answer period
Stress on order and obedience
Prevention of disturbances, students treated as a group
Enthusiasm controlled
General emotional tone is neutral
Student work primarily listening, answering questions, taking tests
Patterns more rigid as students progress through grades
Curiosity not encouraged
Instruction focused on the “mere possession of information”

5. Factors in Passive Classroom Culture
Need to maintain order
Students prefer passive learning
Compromises between students and teachers
Teachers’ allocation of attention
Society’s need for conformity
Teacher overload

6. Gender Roles and Sex Differences
Early reinforcement
School problems for boys
School problems for girls
Girls discouraged from competition and leadership
Boys’ versus girls’ peer groups
Sex Differences in Achievement and Ability
Reading and mathematics
Innate differences
Different brain functioning
Math anxiety and fear of success

7. Adolescent Problems Adolescence as a Modern Phenomenon
Alcohol and Other Drug Use
Suicide
Pregnancy and STDs
Delinquency and Violence