1. MODULE “PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL” RADIATION PROTECTION SAFE DECOMMISSIONING OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS Project BG/04/B/F/PP-166005, Programme “Leonardo da Vinci”

2. 2 CONTENTS 1. Radiation protection program 2. Radiation protection measures during decommissioning

3. Project BG/04/B/F/PP-166005, Programme “Leonardo da Vinci”3 TRAINING OBJECTIVES Upon completion of training trainees should be able to:  Describe the programme for radiation protection during decommissioning.  Describe the protective measures (technical and organizational) during the implementation of the activities.  Classify the types and periodicity of radiation control.  List the measures for radiation protection improvement.

4. Project BG/04/B/F/PP-166005, Programme “Leonardo da Vinci”4 RADIATION PROTECTION  Use of protective equipment for shielding  Availability of sufficient qualified staff occupied with radiation protection  Train decommissioning staff on needed skills, qualification and radiation protection methods  Organizational housekeeping experience  Division of reactor building into zones (areas)  Provision of appropriate system allowing to maintain workers and public doses as low as reasonably achievable  Document all radiation protection measures and results of surveys

5. Project BG/04/B/F/PP-166005, Programme “Leonardo da Vinci”5 CONTENTS OF CONCEPT AND RADIATION PROTECTION PROGRAMS  Measures to prevent exceeding of exposure doses  Division of facility into zones (areas)  Expected exposure evaluation  Radiation control and facility site and environment investigation  Monitoring and documenting of measurement results  List of protective means and equipment to decrease ionizing radiation impact  List of technical means to measure radiation parameters  Methods and means to decontaminate equipment and constructions  Measures for RAW control and management  Specific requirement for quality assurance  Staff training

6. Project BG/04/B/F/PP-166005, Programme “Leonardo da Vinci”6 KNPP RADIATION PROTECTION POLICY  Basic Norms for Radiation Protection and BSS-115 of IAEA  The ALARA principle  Obligations of the workers  Control in zones (areas) of ionizing radiation  Appropriate organizational structure

7. Project BG/04/B/F/PP-166005, Programme “Leonardo da Vinci”7 RADIATION PROTECTION OBJECTIVES  To maintain minimum but reasonably achieved level of individual and collective dose staff and population  To perform needed control of radioactive source  To minimize radioactively contaminated surfaces, equipment and staff  To minimize radioactive waste generation

8. Project BG/04/B/F/PP-166005, Programme “Leonardo da Vinci”8 RADIATION PROTECTION ORGANIZATION  Radiation protection policy  Structures for: Staff dosimetric control; Operative assurance of radiation protection; Environment monitoring.  Radiation protection instructions  Procedures and programs for radiation protection activities  Records and archive of activities for radiation protection assurance

9. Project BG/04/B/F/PP-166005, Programme “Leonardo da Vinci”9 SPECIAL-PURPOSE INDICATORS FOR RADIATION PROTECTION ASSESSMENT  Annual collective dose (Man.mSv), outage or main activities  The highest annual individual dose  Number of individuals who exceeded the administrative limit  Number of violations of radiation protection rules

10. Project BG/04/B/F/PP-166005, Programme “Leonardo da Vinci”10 ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNICAL MEASURES TO ENSURE RADIATION PROTECTION  Sanitary places including hot shower  Sanitary locks  Control and marking of radioactive contaminated zones (areas), rooms  Fencing  RAW control  Supplementary special protective clothing  Decontamination of special clothing and shoes  Decontamination of floors and walls  Sanitary and hygienic rules

11. Project BG/04/B/F/PP-166005, Programme “Leonardo da Vinci”11 EXTERNAL RADIATION INDIVIDUAL DOSE MINIMIZATION  Control of current radiological conditions at the work place  Planning of different activities  Training and practice of workers with the help of models  Use of procedures  Remote control equipment is used  Stay in rooms of higher level ionizing radiation is within permissible limits  Control of occupational doses

12. Project BG/04/B/F/PP-166005, Programme “Leonardo da Vinci”12 MINIMIZATION OF RADIONUCLIDE INHALATION  Experience of workers, good understanding of the conditions, organization and qualified management of the works  Use of protective clothing covering the whole body; protection of respiratory organs  Continuous operation of ventilation system during implementation of works  Dust equipment in operation (if needed), with aerosol filters  Control of current concentration of radioactive aerosols in the air and measurement of summary beta and gamma activity

13. Project BG/04/B/F/PP-166005, Programme “Leonardo da Vinci”13 LIMITATION OF CONTAMINATION SPREADING  Sanitary places prior to go into restricted area  Fencing and tagging of work place and controlled area  Storage and handling of RAW upon packing and/or dumping in containers

14. Project BG/04/B/F/PP-166005, Programme “Leonardo da Vinci”14 INDIVIDUAL PROTECTIVE MEANS  Standard special clothing: Cotton underwear and socks; Cotton overall and a cap; Shoes.  Additional special clothing: Gloves – made of latex or fabric; Rubber impregnated overall for work with chemicals and liquid RAW of high activity; Rubber overshoes - galoshes; Filter mask.

15. Project BG/04/B/F/PP-166005, Programme “Leonardo da Vinci”15 TYPES AND PERIODICITY OF RADIATION CONTROL IN NPP  Continuous (permanent) RC: Working media; Technological process; Individual dosimetry; Radiation control of releases; Environment radiation control; Additional measurements.  24 – hour cycle of radiological control: Working media; Technological process; Radiation control of releases.

16. Project BG/04/B/F/PP-166005, Programme “Leonardo da Vinci”16 TYPES AND PERIODICITY OF RADIATION CONTROL IN NPP – CONTND.  Monthly cycle of radiation control: Individual dosimetry; Technological process.  Periodic radiation control: Individual dosimetry; Environment radiation control; Technological process.  Radiation control during outage: Environment radiation control.

17. Project BG/04/B/F/PP-166005, Programme “Leonardo da Vinci”17 MONITORING AND CONTROL TO ENHANCE RADIATION PROTECTION  Documenting and research of radiological incidents  Critical reviews to identify root causes of an issue  Identification of radiation protection weak points  Correction of identified issues by interference from management

18. Project BG/04/B/F/PP-166005, Programme “Leonardo da Vinci”18 REFERENCES  Decommissioning of Nuclear Power Plants and Research Reactors, Safety Guide, SS № WS-G-2.1 (1999)  International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources, SS № 115 (1996)  Radiological Characterization of Shutdown Nuclear Reactors for Decommissioning Purposes, TRS № 389 (1998)  Regulation for the Safety of the Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities, 2004  Regulation for the Basic Norms for Radiation Protection, 2004  Safety rules. Radiation protection in Kozloduy NPP plc.