1. PBO BOREHOLE STRAINMETERS SPECIAL INTEREST GROUP UNAVCO SCIENCE MEETING 14-16 MARCH 2006

2. UNAVCO-PBO BSM Engineers Dave Mencin Mike Hasting Bob Mueller Tim Dittman Wade Johnson Ryan McCliment James Stair Sarah Venator Warren Gallagher (network) Data Greg Anderson Jim Wright Kathleen Hodgkinson Permitting Kyle Bohnenstiehl

3. Olympic Peninsula June-July 2005

4. Vancouver Island September 2005

5. Oregon Jan - Feb 2006

6. Target regionTotalPriority Olympic Peninsula61 Vancouver Island41 Tacoma82 Portland82 Anza72 Central Oregon82 S Oregon78 Parkfield/Cholame132 San Juan Bautista83 Mendocino73 SF Bay Area83 Pinion Flat12 Yellowstone52 Mt. St. Helens42 Long Valley83 Mt. St. Helens42 Total103 Strainmeter Distribution Permitted Strainmeters Sites

7. Who decides what goes where? The PBO Sitting Committee recommends how many strainmeters should be installed in particular regions of scientific interest. PBO strainmeter engineers then find the best sites in those regions for installation. Engineers examine: geological and topographic maps, air photos, satellite images and rock type. Factors that must be considered: drill rig access, power, communications, permitting.

8. 120°120° Gladwin Tensor Strainmeters 120° 90° 30° Cell cross section Gage orientation

10. Data Products Level 0: Raw data from dataloggers Data logger format, bottle, and miniSEED. Digital counts. Level 1: Raw data in geophysical units Strain, temperature, voltage …. Level 2: Processed data XML format

11. Raw data 1-sps and 20-sps strain downloaded at hourly intervals from the GTSM21 datalogger. 1-sps data are converted to miniSEED and sent to the archives within 1 hour of arriving at Boulder Low frequency data are downloaded as day-long tar files. Unpacked, converted to miniSEED,sent to the archives within 1 hour of arriving at Boulder.

12. Dataflow Boulder -> Archives and BSMAC

13. Processing strainmeter data Routine processing -> Level 2a products inspection of 100% of all 1-sps data linearization decimation to 300 second interval editing generate areal and shear strain generation of time series corrections borehole effects atmospheric pressure correction tidal correction products no more than 14 days out of date

14. Post processing -> Level 2b Products entire data set reprocessed every 3 months recalculate: the tidal signal atmospheric pressure response coefficients, borehole relaxation, grout curing trends opportunity to review earlier edits no more than 4 months out-of-date.

15. Decimation decimate from 1-sps to 300 sec interval a multi-stage decimation process decimate by 2, 3 and 5 minimum phase causal filters. M6.7 Baja, Mexico, 4 January 2006. Floe Quarry (P403) Unfiltered 1-sps strain, gage1 Black line shows the filtered but undecimated data. The red crosses are the 300 second data points.

16. Comparison of 10 min and 5 min data B009 1 Jan 2006 10Min 5 Min 1-sps

17. Measured tides Calculate the tidal signal and atm pressure response using BAYTAP-G Theoretical tides Some Programs for Ocean Tide Loading (SPOTL). TOPOX 6.2, regional model for Straits of Georgia and Juan de Fuca. P403

18. Borehole trends Assume exponential plus linear terms y = F+A1*exp(T1*t)+M*t+A2*exp(T2*t)

19. Generation of areal and shear strain u i gauge readings g i gauge weightings  orientation matrix Ttopography matrix

20. First results Nine out of ten strainmeters sending data to archives All drawing tides All recording an accumulation of strain some unusual trends, B011 All measuring microseisms

21. First results Pumping at one strainmeter, B001, Goldbeck

22. Bridging the spectrum of crustal deformation

23. How can I get the data? All data, raw and processed are stored at NCEDC and the IRIS DMC. The PBO strainmeter data products page provides links.

24. IRIS DMC and NCEDC Bottle files in ftp directory Seed data in a fully managed archive.

25. SeismiQuery

26. Buffer of Uniform Data BUD

27. BUD

28. M6.7 Baja, Mexico, 4 Jan 2006

29. VASE http://dmc.iris.washington.edu/manuals/vase.htm

30. PQLII ftp://ftp.passcal.nmt. edu/passcal/software/osX/pqlI

31. XML Format Processed data are stored in XML format. XML files contain General strainmeter information Sensor information Processing information Processed data XML files are archived in year-long files at NCEDC and IRIS DMC. Filename convention B004.2005.2005310144810

32. XML Format 1 XML file contains 1 year of data The current year will grow throughout the year 2a data no more than 14 days out of date. Every 3 months the entire data set is reprocessed from time of installation 2b data borehole, tides and response coefficients updated XML files written for entire instrument life time, e.g., B004.2005.2006013043405 B004.2006.2006013043405

33. FloeQuarry floequary_p403_floe_quarry_....… FloeQuaryBWA2005 P403 E4T1T9U2V1W4 BSM_ GTSM21 PBO_UNAVCO WA 2005-06-23 48.062360 -124.140860 314.00 UTC P403 PB

34. 2005-06-23T00:00:00 Present Gladwin_BSM_component_1_ E4T1T9U2V1W4+BSM_+Gladwin..….. Gladwin_BSM_component_1_+00086400 169.80 250.7 0.1 GTSM Technologies PBO-05-002 GTSM21 PBO-05-002

35. 2005-06-23T00:00:00 2006-02-19T23:55:00 … …

36. 2006-02-19T23:50:00 50 53785.993056 25.6272 0.0019 g 0.0012 27.9551 999999 m 2006053033413 2a MJD = Modified Julian date s = strain s_offset = strain offset s_q = strain quality tc = tide correction dtc = detrend correction apc = atm pressure correction apc_q = atm pressure quality v = version

37. How do I read the XML files? PBO provides an XML reader rdstrain.xml extract XML header information only print strainmeter summary information only output format (tab delimited ASCII or XML) replace bad or missing strain data with a specified flag replace bad or missing atm correction data with a specified flag specify a window of time Produces ASCII versions of each component xml_filename.gage0 xml_filename.gage1 xml_filename.gage2 xml_filename.gage3 xml_filename.Eee+Enn xml_filename.2Ene

38. ASCII version "gage0" 2006-01-01T00:00:00 1 53736.000000 -33.4729 0.0 g -0.015 -33.345 0.094 g 2a "gage0" 2006-01-01T00:05:00 1 53736.003472 -33.4727 0.0 g -0.014 -33.346 0.094 i 2a "gage0" 2006-01-01T00:10:00 1 53736.006944 -33.4726 0.0 g -0.013 -33.346 0.093 i 2a Straindescription, gage0, Eee+Enn, datedate ISO format doyday of year MJDModified Julian Date gage0(Microstrain)linearized strain s_offset strain offset strain_qualityg,b,m,I tide_c tidal correction detrend_cdetrend correction atmp_catmospheric pressure correction atmp_c_qualityatmospheric pressure quality level 2a, 2b versionversion number

39. Future Development

41. IRIS Uniform Product Distribution System

42. Strainmeter Workshop UNAVCO BOULDER 14-16 June 2006