1. Development of Feudalism

2. Europe After the Fall of the (The Western) Roman Empire With the end of the Roman Empire Trade was disrupted Downfall of Cities Population shifted Learning Declined Loss of a common language

3. Germanic Kingdoms Emerge The Church as an institution survived the fall of Rome The Church provided order and security Idea of government changed Clovis Rules the Franks Converted to Christianity at the urging of his wife, Clothilde – (Afraid he would loose the battle he called on the Christian God for help and won)

4. Germans adopt Christianity The Church, with the help of Frankish rulers had converted many Frankish rulers to Christianity Missionaries spread Christianity to the Germanic and Celtic tribes that bordered the old Roman Empire Many Europeans along the coast converted to Christianity due to fear of Muslim invasions

5. The Church adapts to New Conditions Church built religious communities Religious communities for men were called monasteries and the men who lived there were called monks Religious communities for women were called convents and the women who lived there were called nuns.

6. Papal Power Expands Gregory IV, also known as Gregory the Great became pope in 590. He broadened the power of the Pope (Papal authority) He also broadened the church’s secular authority (secular = worldly, not having to do with religion)

7. Charles Martel Charles Martel becomes major domo an official in charge of the palace in the Frankish kingdom. Charles Martel (Charles the Hammer) was the most powerful person in the Frankish Kingdom He stopped Muslim raiders at Tours and put a stop to the Muslim advance into Europe

8. Charlemagne’s Rise To Power Background on the Franks Germanic People Lived along the Rhine River Loyal to their Kin Clovis converted to Christianity, 481

9. Charlemagne’s Accomplishments Created large empire made of self- sufficient manors Counts kept order in his kingdom Made Aachen a new center for learning

10. Charlemagne’s Accomplishments Brutally put down a Saxon Revolt Prevented Muslims from expanding into Europe Converted Germans to Christianity through war

11. Aftern Charlemagne’s death His kingdom was divided into three parts Division weakened Empire’s unity and caused the collapse of the Frankish Kingdom