1. Division Of Roman Empire

2. Byzantine Empire

3. Barbarian Invasions

4. Battle of Adrinople

5. Barbarian Kingdoms

6. Spread Of Islam

7. Battle of Tours Charles “The Hammer” Martel Stopped Muslim Advance in Europe

8. Empire Of Charlemagne

9. Chuck and Pope

10. Division of Empire of Chuck

11. Feudalism In Italy

12. Feudalism 1. What is Feudalism? 2. Why did Feudalism develop in Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire? 3. What were the benefits of Feudalism? 4. What were the weaknesses of Feudalism?

13. Feudalism

14. Homage Chivalry: Code of Conduct Homage Ceremony

15. Fear Of Hell

16. Hell

17. Manorialism

18. Spread Of Islam

19. Calls for the First Crusade Jerusalem Falls to Muslims in 600’s Muslims threaten Eastern Orthodox Constantinople Safety of pilgrims threatened Pope Urban II- 1095 “Deus vult!” (God Wills it!) Immediate salvation in heaven

20. First Crusade 1095-1099 Led by French knights 3 separate armies converge in Constantinople and march on Jerusalem Massacre Jews on the way Lay siege to Jerusalem in 1099 A.D. Massacre Muslims in Jerusalem Set up feudal Crusader States

21. The Crusades

22. Second Crusade 1147-1149 A.D. Crusader states are losing territory and threatened by growing power of Muslims Crusade is unsuccessful because kings leading the crusades argued.

23. Third Crusade 1189-1192 “Crusade of the Kings” Saladin united Muslim forces and captured Jerusalem in 1187 Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa of Germany-died on the way King Phillip Augustus of France- left King Richard I “Lionhearted” –Could not win a decisive battle –Signed a truce

24. Results of Crusades Helped break down Feudalism and increased power and authority of kings 100 years of contact between Crusaders and more sophisticated civilizations of Byzantine and Muslims helped end Europe’s cultural isolation- –Kings levied taxes, Raised armies, Cooperated on large scale –Some nobles died on crusades and land taken by kings –Some lesser nobles sold land to peasants and serfs to raise money for crusades –Demand for luxury items of east increased trade (spices, sugar, melons, silk) Italian cities of Venice and Genoa flourished. The banking system developed –built better ships, better maps, magnetic compass, gunpowder –Death from crusades and Black death created more demand and power for Peasants and Middle Class