1. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 Open Access Initiatives in Croatia Jadranka Stojanovski Ruđer Bošković Institute Goran Škvarč CARNet Zagreb, Croatia

2. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 Scholarly publishing system Research Research Peer review/revision/acceptance Peer review/revision/acceptance Journals Journals Databases (especially ISI) Databases (especially ISI) Research money Research money Scholarship Scholarship Research Research

3. Tim Brody and Steven Harnad: Self-Archiving (2003) Refereed “Post-Print” Accepted, Certified, Published by Journal Impact cycle begins : Research is done Researchers write pre-refereeing “Pre-Print” Submitted to Journal Pre-Print reviewed by Peer Experts – “Peer-Review” Pre-Print revised by article’s Authors Researchers can access the Post-Print if their university has a subscription to the Journal 12-18 Months New impact cycles : New research builds on existing research ?

4. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 Some concerns historically most high impact scholarly literature has been published in northern and western Europe and the United States historically most high impact scholarly literature has been published in northern and western Europe and the United States others benefit because of affinities of language or history (Australia, Canada) or efforts to participate (Japan) others benefit because of affinities of language or history (Australia, Canada) or efforts to participate (Japan) many are virtually excluded from the system many are virtually excluded from the system control of high impact journals by major commercial publishers control of high impact journals by major commercial publishers surrender of control and intellectual property by scholars surrender of control and intellectual property by scholars high costs and continuing price increases for libraries high costs and continuing price increases for libraries

5. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 Access is limited to those who have reliable and affordable information and communication technologies who have reliable and affordable information and communication technologies affiliated with organisations which have the money and skills to provide access affiliated with organisations which have the money and skills to provide access who have certain level of information literacy who have certain level of information literacy permitted under contracts with vendors permitted under contracts with vendors

6. Tim Brody and Steven Harnad: Self-Archiving (2003) New impact cycles : New research builds on existing research Researchers can access the Post-Print if their university has a subscription to the Journal Refereed “Post-Print” Accepted, Certified, Published by Journal Impact cycle begins : Research is done Researchers write pre-refereeing “Pre-Print” Submitted to Journal Pre-Print reviewed by Peer Experts – “Peer-Review” Pre-Print revised by article’s Authors Pre-Print self- archived in University’s Eprint Website Post-Print published in OA journal or self- archived in University’s Eprint Website 12-18 Months New impact cycles : Self-archived research impact is greater (and faster) because access is maximized (and accelerated)

7. Tim Brody and Steven Harnad: Self-Archiving (2003) Research Impact I. measures the size of a research contribution to further research (“publish or perish”) II. generates further research funding III. contributes to the research productivity and financial support of the researcher’s institution IV. advances the researcher’s career V. promotes research progress

8. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 “average of 336% more citations to online articles compared to offline articles published in the same venue” Lawrence, S. (2001) Free online availability substantially increases a paper's impact Nature 411 (6837): 521. http://www.nature.com/nature/debates/e- access/Articles/lawrence.html

9. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 The two open-access strategies Open-Access Publishing Golden road turn existing 21.000 peer reviewed journals into open- access journals (1924 exist currently according DOAJ) turn existing 21.000 peer reviewed journals into open- access journals (1924 exist currently according DOAJ) find funding support for open- access publication costs ($500- $2500) find funding support for open- access publication costs ($500- $2500) motivate the authors of the annual 2,800,000 articles to publish in open-access journals instead of the existing toll-access journals motivate the authors of the annual 2,800,000 articles to publish in open-access journals instead of the existing toll-access journals motivate¸authors to refuse to sign away their intellectual property (Creative Commons) motivate¸authors to refuse to sign away their intellectual property (Creative Commons) Open-Access Self-Archiving Green road motivate the authors of the annual 2,800,000 articles they publish in the existing toll-access journals to also self-archive them in their institutional open-access archives. motivate the authors of the annual 2,800,000 articles they publish in the existing toll-access journals to also self-archive them in their institutional open-access archives.

10. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 Open questions publisher may get decreased income publisher may get decreased income –publisher income declines and quality assurance mechanism (peer review) is in jeopardy who maintains quality of records? who maintains quality of records? will authors continue to get recognition rewards? will authors continue to get recognition rewards? who ensures preservation and continuing accessibility and usability? who ensures preservation and continuing accessibility and usability? infrastructure issues in developing countries infrastructure issues in developing countries

11. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 Scientific landscape in Croatia (1) less than 0.1 percent of world population less than 0.1 percent of world population 9000 HE teaching staff/researchers 9000 HE teaching staff/researchers six six universities with 85 faculties, art academies, colleges of higher education, university departments and university studies five polytechnics and six independent public higher education colleges 27 scientific institutes 27 scientific institutes

12. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 Scientific landscape in Croatia (2) 150 academic and research libraries 150 academic and research libraries 230 scholarly and professional journals (21.000 worldwide) 230 scholarly and professional journals (21.000 worldwide) COLLEGIUM ANTROPOLOGICUM (CC) COLLEGIUM ANTROPOLOGICUM (CC) CROATIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL (CC) CROATIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL (CC) CROATICA CHEMICA ACTA (CC) CROATICA CHEMICA ACTA (CC) DRUŠTVENA ISTRAŽIVANJA (CC) DRUŠTVENA ISTRAŽIVANJA (CC) FOOD TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (CC) FOOD TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (CC) INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF THE AESTHETICS AND SOCIOLOGY OF MUSIC (CC) INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF THE AESTHETICS AND SOCIOLOGY OF MUSIC (CC) STROJARSTVO (CC) STROJARSTVO (CC)

13. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 ISI Thomson SCIex CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING QUARTERLY CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING QUARTERLY MATHEMATICAL INEQUALITIES & APPLICATIONS MATHEMATICAL INEQUALITIES & APPLICATIONS METALURGIJA METALURGIJA NEUROLOGIA CROATICA NEUROLOGIA CROATICA PERIODICUM BIOLOGORUM PERIODICUM BIOLOGORUM TEKSTIL TEKSTIL VETERINARSKI ARHIV VETERINARSKI ARHIV

14. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 Science in Croatia financed through 2000 scientific research projects governed by three- year contracts financed through 2000 scientific research projects governed by three- year contracts 15000 publications annualy (in national and international journals, books, conference proceedings etc.) according Croatian Scientific Bibliography (CROSBI) 15000 publications annualy (in national and international journals, books, conference proceedings etc.) according Croatian Scientific Bibliography (CROSBI)

15. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 Two main directions 1. Organisation of information resources for scientists to support their research and their teaching activities 2. Organisation of information about Croatian science

16. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 Organisation of information resources union catalogues (1992) union catalogues (1992) well organized library web sites (1994) well organized library web sites (1994) tematic portals – ZIND (2004) tematic portals – ZIND (2004) EJOL portal for e- journals (2003) EJOL portal for e- journals (2003) Center for Online databases portal (1995) Center for Online databases portal (1995)

17. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 Organisation of information about Croatian science CROSBI (1997) CROSBI (1997) Who’s Who in Science in Croatia (2003) Who’s Who in Science in Croatia (2003) HRČAK (2005) HRČAK (2005) promotion and implementation of OA green and golden roads in Croatia (2005) promotion and implementation of OA green and golden roads in Croatia (2005)

18. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 First initiatives HIDD - working group for OA (information specialists/librarians and scientists) – since 2003 HIDD - working group for OA (information specialists/librarians and scientists) – since 2003 strategy for making all Croatian scientific production openly accessible - making it more visible in the world! strategy for making all Croatian scientific production openly accessible - making it more visible in the world!

19. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 Importance of partnership with the Ministry of Science, Eduacation and Sports with the Ministry of Science, Eduacation and Sports with faculty with faculty among institutions among institutions with corporate partners with corporate partners –Ovid –EBSCO –Elsevier/Scirus internationally internationally

20. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 Strategy for OA in Croatia network of institutional repositories + ensuring metadata exchange with Croatian and international metadata providers (= green road) network of institutional repositories + ensuring metadata exchange with Croatian and international metadata providers (= green road) single access point to all Croatian e- journals + converting as many journals to gold journals as possible (= golden road) single access point to all Croatian e- journals + converting as many journals to gold journals as possible (= golden road)

21. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 Green road: OAI repositories & CROSBI no institutional repositories in Croatia no institutional repositories in Croatia in some disciplines - self-archiving in international subject-based archives (arXiv, E-LIS) in some disciplines - self-archiving in international subject-based archives (arXiv, E-LIS) possibility of self-archiving in CROSBI (~3000 full papers) possibility of self-archiving in CROSBI (~3000 full papers) Open Archives Referral Centre - http://referalni.lss.hr/OpenArchives Open Archives Referral Centre - http://referalni.lss.hr/OpenArchives

22. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 “Open access in Croatia” – CARNets’ project: promotion of the OAI (lectures, workshops, pamphlets, posters...) promotion of the OAI (lectures, workshops, pamphlets, posters...) support for institutional repositories support for institutional repositories –co-operation of institutions, libraries and government add OAI functionality to CROSBI add OAI functionality to CROSBI metadata harvesting and access portal (search) metadata harvesting and access portal (search) foster the exchange and reuse of metadata foster the exchange and reuse of metadata –CROSBI, inst. repositories, HRČAK, libraries’ OPACs, other information service providers

23. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 Golden road: HRČAK discussions on OA often stress “author-pays” and neglect “subsidised” model of OA journals discussions on OA often stress “author-pays” and neglect “subsidised” model of OA journals –in Croatia “subsidised” model has special importance majority of scientific and professional journals in Croatia are subsidised by the Government majority of scientific and professional journals in Croatia are subsidised by the Government –mostly non-profit journals whose publishers are learned societies –a number of them cannot even afford an online edition

24. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005... for such «small» journals (if they are in English) - being OA can contribute a lot to their success for such «small» journals (if they are in English) - being OA can contribute a lot to their success HRČAK (project of SRCe & HIDD WG) HRČAK (project of SRCe & HIDD WG) –providing a tool for easy online publishing of OA journal –providing a single access point for searching and browsing –OAI compliance (ensuring greater visibility in the world) –such arrangement can be beneficial and acceptable for both - journals and users

25. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005 Importance for smaller countries there are 892.442 journal articles published in 2005 and indexed in Current Contents database there are 892.442 journal articles published in 2005 and indexed in Current Contents database (from USA 279.095) (from USA 279.095) from Croatia -1.302 (at least one author from Croatia) from Croatia -1.302 (at least one author from Croatia) there are 15.916 items published in 2005 and indexed in CROSBI, 5.384 are journal articles there are 15.916 items published in 2005 and indexed in CROSBI, 5.384 are journal articles it’s important to make them more visible! it’s important to make them more visible!

26. Dr Rafael Ball, Research Centre Jülich, Central Library Ball’s 7 thesis 1. 1. Open Access is a matter of concern for the scientific community 2. 2. Open Access is needed if libraries are to establish themselves as a market power in the information marketplace 3. 3. Science needs a new model of scientific communication 4. 4. Open Access grants everyone access to information, even those who cannot afford subscription content 5. 5. Open Access is an alternative to the established publication process 6. 6. Open Access is a never-ending process 7. 7. Everyone’s a winner with Open Access

27. CARNet User's Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sept 2005