1. Overview of Bioenergetics Lesson Interaction of the Energy Systems Interaction of the Energy Systems How Energy Systems work together How Energy Systems work together Looking at the Energy Systems Looking at the Energy Systems at rest at rest at the beginning of exercise at the beginning of exercise during steady state exercise during steady state exercise during strenuous exercise during strenuous exercise during recovery during recovery

2. 3 Energy Systems Working Together small amounts of energy are used At rest: small amounts of energy are used If the energy system is slightly higher than rest, the aerobic system continues At the Beginning of Exercise: If the energy system is slightly higher than rest, the aerobic system continues If the energy demand is immediate and high, stored energy or ATP is used If the energy demand is immediate and high, stored energy or ATP is used CP can also help to create more energy anaerobically until the aerobic system catches up CP can also help to create more energy anaerobically until the aerobic system catches up After 20-30 seconds glycolysis kicks in After 20-30 seconds glycolysis kicks in

3. Energy Systems Continued oxygen deficit The volume of oxygen missing in the first few minutes of exercise is the oxygen deficit During Steady State Exercise: During Steady State Exercise: Once the supply of oxygen meets the demand…. the muscle cell creates ATP using the breakdown of glucose through the oxidation system Oxygen uptake and heart rate level off, energy demands and energy production are balanced…steady level of exertion for an extended period of time During Strenuous Exercise: During Strenuous Exercise: If energy demand is rapid and extended the energy demand will require the anerobic system to provide ATP

4. 3 Energy Systems Continued: Once ATP-CP is fatigued, the glycolytic system takes over Once ATP-CP is fatigued, the glycolytic system takes over Fatigue or failure may result if oxygen demand exceeds supply and high intensity exercise continues beyond 2 minutes Fatigue or failure may result if oxygen demand exceeds supply and high intensity exercise continues beyond 2 minutes

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6. The red area reflects ATP production by the aerobic system The red area reflects ATP production by the aerobic system Within 3-5 min, the VO 2 reaches a steady state indicating that the aerobic system is supplying all the energy required by the muscles. Within 3-5 min, the VO 2 reaches a steady state indicating that the aerobic system is supplying all the energy required by the muscles. The area indicated by O 2 D in the above figure is defined as the oxygen deficit and reflects energy supplied to the muscles by non-aerobic systems. The area indicated by O 2 D in the above figure is defined as the oxygen deficit and reflects energy supplied to the muscles by non-aerobic systems.

7. 3 Energy Systems Continued: During Recovery: During Recovery: After exercise the body continues to take in more oxygen then it needs The “surplus” of oxygen is thereby available to pay off the debt of oxygen that occurred at the beginning of exercise Excess Post Exercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC) This oxygen is known as Excess Post Exercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC)

8. After cessation of exercise, VO 2 doesn't immediately return to resting levels, rather, VO 2 makes a gradual decrease even though energy demands are only at resting levels. After cessation of exercise, VO 2 doesn't immediately return to resting levels, rather, VO 2 makes a gradual decrease even though energy demands are only at resting levels.

9. The elevated VO 2 during exercise recovery, and the amount of EPOC is usually greater than the amount of the O 2 deficit (compare the areas of the O 2 deficit and EPOC in the Figure ). The elevated VO 2 during exercise recovery, and the amount of EPOC is usually greater than the amount of the O 2 deficit (compare the areas of the O 2 deficit and EPOC in the Figure ).

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11. What is EPOC used for? EPOC is used for ATP and CP replenishment EPOC is used for ATP and CP replenishment If the activity was more anaerobic or intense..then the greater the oxygen deficit and more EPOC is required to return the body to a pre exercise state If the activity was more anaerobic or intense..then the greater the oxygen deficit and more EPOC is required to return the body to a pre exercise state

12. Other Factors of EPOC Temperature recovery Temperature recovery Heart Rate recovery Heart Rate recovery Ventilation recovery Ventilation recovery Hormone recovery Hormone recovery

13. Review of the 3 Systems All systems are working at the same time All systems are working at the same time There is a predominance of one system over another depending on the intensity of the activity There is a predominance of one system over another depending on the intensity of the activity