1. Diagrams from Wednesday

3. 1. Blood vessel is punctured.
2. Platelets congregate and
form a plug.
Prothrombin activator
3. Platelets and damaged
tissue cells release
prothrombin activator,
which initiates a cascade
of enzymatic reactions.
Ca2+
Prothrombin
Thrombin
Ca2+
Fibrinogen
Fibrin threads
4. Fibrin threads form and trap
red blood cells.

4. Arterial end Blood pressure is higher than osmotic pressure.
Net pressure out.
Venous end
Osmotic pressure
is higher than
blood pressure.
Net pressure in.
from heart
to heart
Tissue fluid
amino
acids
water
water
oxygen
carbon
dioxide
glucose
wastes
osmotic pressure
arteriole
salt
plasma
protein
blood pressure
venule