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Published byAugustus Tyler Modified over 9 years ago
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The English Civil War 1629-1660
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The Stuart Monarchy
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Causes of the War James VI of Scotland becomes James I of England in 1603 He agreed to uphold the Protestant religion He wrote the King James version of the Bible - Authorized Version Firm believer in Divine Right of Kings
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James I [r. 1603-1625] James I’s speech to the House of Commons: I am surprised that my ancestors should ever be permitted such an institution to come into existence. I am a stranger, and found it here when I arrived, so that I am obliged to put up with what I cannot get rid of!
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King James Bible, 1611
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Charles I 1625-1649 Signed Petition of Rights led to problems A) no taxes w/o consent of Parliament B) no martial law C) no quartering of troops D) no imprisonment w/o specific charge
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The Petition of Rights, 1628 “The Stuart Magna Carta”
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Charles I [r. 1625-1649]
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Dissolution of Parliament 1629 -1640 Charles didn’t summon Parl. - he thought the could rule by himself Reinstated Star Chamber Appointed Archbishop Laud to enforce changes with the church - Common Prayer Book Enforced ship money Married RC French princess - Henrietta Maria Fought with Scots (KIRK - Church)
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Ship Money Assessments, 1636 [per square mile]
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Archbishop William Laud
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1640 - Long Parliament Charles needed money so he had to recall Parl. - this upset many people. Charles went to Parl. To arrest 5 MP’s - (Black Rod) “I see the bird’s have flown”
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Civil War (1621-1649) Royalists (Cavaliers) Parliamentarians (Roundheads) a House of Lords a N & W England a Aristocracy a Large landowners a Church officials a More rural, less prosperous †House of Commons †S & E England †Puritans †Merchants †Townspeople †More urban, more prosperous
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Cavaliers Supporters of the King
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Roundheads Supported Parliament. Name comes from the shape of the haircut. Mainly Puritans
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Oliver Cromwell Puritan leader of New Model Army. Signed the King’s death warrant Became Lord Protector of the Commonwealth - (Republic) 1649 - 1658. Invited to become King - refused. Bad reputation in Ireland - hated to this day. Followed by Richard Cromwell - weak
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New Model Army Soldier’s Catechism
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Battle of Naseby Decisive battle of the war - 1645. Parliament’s first victory
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Rump Parliament This was the name given to the members of Parliament who were left after the Scottish Presbyterians were kicked out b/c they wanted to do a deal with the king. The Rump were responsible for signing the king’s death warrant
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Execution of Charles I 1649
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3 Faces of Charles
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Oliver Cromwell [ 1599-1658 ] The “Interregnum” Period [ 1649-1660 ] †The Commonwealth (1649-1653) †The Protectorate (1654-1660)
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