1. Global AIS ABSOLUTISM

2. Just for reference TIMELINE

3. IMPORTANT CONCEPTS OF ABSOLUTISM

4.  Monarchy: a type of government where one ruler inherits power  Divine Right: the belief that kings were given the right to rule by God  Divine right is similar to what Chinese concept?  Mandate of Heaven  Absolutism: kings ruled with total power, supported by divine right VOCABULARY

5.  Niccolo Machiavelli, wrote The Prince  Described how rulers should rule  Said subjects should fear you, not love you  Said that rulers will use any means necessary to keep their power  Thomas Hobbes, wrote The Leviathan  Said people are generally unorganized and simple  Said people need a strong ruler to control society KEY AUTHORS

6. FAMOUS ABSOLUTE RULERS

7. Absolute RulerWhereMajor ContributionsResults of Contributions Ferdinand and Isabella SpainSponsored Columbus’ voyages Brought land and wealth to Spain  POWER Charles VSpainFought off the Ottoman Empire Kept Europe safe from the Ottomans (Muslims) Philip IISpainSpent Spain’s wealth defending the Roman Catholic Church Spain lost its power and became a weaker nation ABSOLUTE RULERS CHART

8. Absolute RulerWhereMajor ContributionsResults of Contributions Akbar the Great IndiaOrganized the Empire of India Made India a power in Southern Asia Louis XIV Bio Video FranceTaxed his people to pay for wars His high taxes made the peasants angry and poorer Peter the GreatRussiaIntroduced Western culture to Russia Modernized Russia (westernization) ABSOLUTE RULERS CHART CONT’D Put a star next to Ferdinand and Isabella, Louis XIV, and Peter the Great

9. IMPORTANT POINTS IN ENGLAND’S POLITICAL HISTORY

10.  Signed by King John I  Limited the power of the English kings by protecting certain basic rights  Its ideas helped inspire the US’ Articles of Confederation  Created Parliament  At first, a committee to watch the king  Later, a source of real political authority in England  Made the laws STEP 1: MAGNA CARTA (1215)

11.  King Charles I claimed divine right and abolished Parliament  Two sides formed: King Charles I (Cavaliers aka Catholics) vs. Parliament (Roundheads aka Protestants)  The war ended when Parliamentary forces, led by Oliver Cromwell, captured the king  Charles was tried and executed  Results of the war  The monarchy was abolished  replaced by a republic called “The Commonwealth”  Cromwell was named “Lord Protector” and ruled with excessive authority STEP 2: THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR (1600S)

12.  Cromwell and Parliament did not work well together  1660: Parliament invited Charles II to come back as king  Results of the Restoration  After Charles died, his brother James II (Catholic) became king  James’ strict, Catholic-based actions led to the Glorious Revolution against him  He abdicated (gave up) the throne STEP 3: THE RESTORATION

13.  Parliament feared the return of Catholic dominance  Protestants William and Mary were asked by Parliament to take the throne  Results of the Glorious Revolution  In order to take the throne, Parliament required William and Mary to sign the English Bill of Rights  Put limits on monarchy and set rights of Parliament  Kings/Queens were now required to be Protestant  Parliament possessed the power of a king  Glorious Revolution Video Glorious Revolution Video STEP 4: THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION

14.  England has a limited constitutional monarchy  Which means a constitution limits the monarchy’s power  England’s legislative body (Parliament) holds the real power ENGLAND TODAY