1. System Operation Training and System Restoration at Grant County PUD

2. Presentation Outline PER-005 Requirements
Grant’s Approach to Meeting the Requirements
EOP-005 Requirements
Grant’s Approach to Building a Simulator Model
Use of the Black Start Restoration Model to Verify Grant PUD Restoration Plan
Summary of Grant’s Restoration Plan
Vision of the Future from Grant County PUD’s Perspective

3. PER-005-1 System Personnel Training
R1. Each RC, BA & TO shall use a systematic approach to training to establish a training program for the BES company-specific reliability-related tasks performed by its System Operators & shall implement the program.
R1.1. shall create a list of tasks performed by its System Operators.
R shall update its list of tasks each calendar year to identify new or modified tasks for training.

4. PER-005-1 System Personnel Training
R1.2. shall design & develop LO’s & training materials based on the list created in R1.1.
R1.3. shall deliver the training est. in R1.2.
R1.4. shall conduct an annual evaluation of the training program established in R1, to identify any needed changes & shall implement the changes identified.

5. PER-005-1 System Personnel Training
R2. shall verify each System Operator’s capabilities to perform each assigned task identified in R1.1 at least one time.
R2.1. Within six months of a modification of a task, shall verify each System Operator’s capability to perform the new/modified tasks.

6. PER-005-1 System Personnel Training
R3. At least every 12 months shall provide at least 32 hours of EOPs training applicable to its organization that reflects emergency operations topics, which includes system restoration using drills, exercises or other training required to maintain qualified personnel.

7. PER-005-1 System Personnel Training
R3.1. Each RC, BA and TO that has operational authority or control over Facilities with established IROLs or established operating guides or protection systems to mitigate IROLs shall provide each System Operator with EOPs training using simulation technology such as a simulator, virtual technology, or other technology that replicates the operational behavior of the BES during normal and emergency conditions.

8. PER-005-1 System Personnel Training
R1. Each RC, BA & TOP shall use a systematic approach to training to establish a training program for the BES company-specific reliability-related tasks performed by its System Operators and shall implement the program.
What is a “Systematic Approach to Training”?

9. Systematic Approach to Training
The term “Systematic Approach to Training” (or SAT) is being used by NERC to signal that a specific process be used to develop training.
SAT describes a systematic method for establishing and maintaining training programs.
Widely used by the military, DOE and nuclear.
SAT includes five distinct, yet interrelated, phases. These phases include analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation.

10. Phases of Systematic Approach to Training (SAT)
A - Analysis
D - Design
D - Development
I - Implementation
E - Evaluation

11. Phases of Systematic Approach to Training (SAT)
A - Analysis D I E

12. Determine Training Needs
How to identify what training is needed for personnel doing a specific job.
A needs analysis basically looks at events and performance issues to see if training would help prevent recurrence.
A Job/Task analysis looks in detail at duty areas and tasks for a position.
Training mandated by a regulatory requirement is simply included in the training program. You assume the analysis part is already done.
Management can require training to occur also. Without using the systematic approach, this is likely to result in ineffective training or training that doesn’t address the problem.

13. Job/Task Analysis Resources
JTA for similar jobs
Standard Operating Procedures
Emergency/Abnormal Procedures
Existing qualification documents
Job Descriptions
Safety Manuals
Equipment/Vendor manuals (if applicable)
Interviews with Subject Matter Experts (SME)
Observation of job incumbents at work
Events

14. Break down a job into duty areas
Job/Task Analysis
Break down a job into duty areas
A duty area is a major subdivision of tasks
Generation Operator
Automatic Generation Control
Interconnection Frequency Control
Regulation and Reserves
Transmission Operator
Load Shedding and Restoration
Manage System Disturbances
Respond to Forced Transmission Outages

15. Job/Task Analysis
A systematic process involving both training and operations personnel is used to analyze training needs.
Alternative solutions to performance problems, including training and other management initiatives, are considered thoroughly before committing resources.
Job performance requirements are identified through reviews of existing job data and/or surveys of workers and are confirmed by subject matter experts.
Clear standards and uniform methods are used to collect, analyze, and review job and task data.
A panel of subject matter experts is used to assist training personnel when selecting tasks for analysis and training.
Tasks are identified for initial and/or continuing training
Training is NOT always the answer to a problem. Look at equipment, tools, environment also.

16. Phases of Systematic Approach to Training (SAT)
D - Design D I E
In the design phase the

17. Design Learning Objectives Length of class Location of class
The Learning Objectives come from the skills and knowledge identified in the Task Analysis
Length of class
Location of class
Delivery method
Skill levels of trainees (are they the same?)
How will the trainee’s learning be assessed?
Use of a written exam, a practical exercise or ?

18. Design
If a check list is used to document the outcome, the following methods are acceptable.
On the Job Training (OJT)
Simulation
Classroom
Field Visit

19. Learning Objectives Statements that specify what the trainee will
Be able to do
Be able to demonstrate
Should be
Attainable
Specific
Clear
Measurable
Use common action words
List
Perform
Verify
Evaluate
Diagnose and respond
Have a standard
Restore system conditions before automatic protection actuates.

20. Phases of Systematic Approach to Training (SAT)D
D - Development I E

21. Development Select Training Method Sequence the Learning Objectives
Create and assemble content based on LOs.
Instructor notes
Lesson plan
Power point presentations
Simulator scenarios
Exams or exercises
Make copies of handouts, drawings, procedures, etc.
Review and revise content based on feedback from trainees.
NERC CEH submission

22. Phases of Systematic Approach to Training (SAT)D
I - Implementation E

23. Implementation Preparation Pretest Delivery
Evaluate trainee performance
Required Documentation for NERC
Sign in sheets
Exams (if used)
Scenario guidelines for simulation
Checklists used for OJT, Field Visit, etc
Course Evaluations

24. Phases of Systematic Approach to Training (SAT)D I
E - Evaluation

25. Evaluation Evaluation of the Training Program itself Includes:
Review of events for training implications (not just in-house events)
Trainee feedback received after training
Supervisor feedback
Review of procedure changes
Review of changes to equipment or tools
Review of changes in Regulatory Requirements

26. Phases of Systematic Approach to Training (SAT)
D -
I -
E -

27. Phases of Systematic Approach to Training (SAT)
A - Analysis
D - Design
D - Development
I - Implementation
E - Evaluation

28. PER-005-1 System Personnel Training
R2. shall verify each System Operator’s capabilities to perform each assigned task identified in R1.1 at least one time.
R2.1. Within six months of a modification of a task, shall verify each System Operator’s capability to perform the new/modified tasks.

29. PER-005-1 System Personnel Training
Use an OJT checklist.
OJT check list comes directly from the task list developed for R1.1
System Operators to become qualified as OJT instructors.
Chief Dispatcher interview to validate the OJT.
Make sure changes are reviewed for impact on task list.

30. Instructor may also have a lesson plan depending on the task.
Example OJT Sheet
Levels of performance include;
Perform – Actual performance of the task using approved procedures. Includes a discussion that addresses safety implications, elements involved, effects on system and equipment, any abnormal situations that may arise.
Simulate – Simulate all actions using approved procedures. Includes same discussion as perform. Could use a “Simulator”.
Discuss – same discussion as perform using approved procedures, drawings, etc.
Instructor may also have a lesson plan depending on the task.

31. PER-005-1 System Personnel Training
R3. At least every 12 months shall provide at least 32 hours of EOPs training applicable to its organization that reflects emergency operations topics, which includes system restoration using drills, exercises or other training required to maintain qualified personnel.
Essentially the same as current requirement in PER Except “5 days” has been changed to 32 hours to reflect reality.

32. PER-005-1 System Personnel Training
R3.1. Each RC, BA and TO that has operational authority or control over Facilities with established IROLs or established operating guides or protection systems to mitigate IROLs shall provide each System Operator with EOPs training using simulation technology such as a simulator, virtual technology, or other technology that replicates the operational behavior of the BES during normal and emergency conditions.
Currently the District does not have any N-1 conditions identified as an IROL.
We do have a simulator (AREVA DTS) use of which is manpower intensive.
Also have the “Brick” but it’s not ready for this sort of simulation.

33. NERC Standard EOP-005-1 System Restoration Plans
R1. Each TOP shall have a restoration plan to reestablish its system in event of a partial or total shutdown.
R2. Each TOP shall review and update its plan at least annually and when changes are made in the power system, and correct deficiencies found during exercises.
R3. Each TOP shall develop restoration plans with a priority of restoring the integrity of the Interconnection.
(R1) Including necessary operating instructions and procedures to cover emergency conditions and the loss of vital telecommunications channels.

34. NERC Standard EOP-005-1 System Restoration Plans
R4. Each BA/TOP shall coordinate its restoration plans with Generators & other BA/TOP’s in its area and its RC.
R11.1 Following a disturbance each BA/TOP shall work in conjunction with it’s RC to determine the extent and condition of the isolated area (s).
When the west islands its usually as a region. An individual BA may not be able to tell they have islanded.
Plans must be updated annually.
PNSC would be on the phone with parties on both sides of the synch.

35. NERC Standard EOP-005-1 System Restoration Plans
R11.2. Affected BA/TOP’s shall take the necessary actions to restore Bulk Electric System frequency to normal, including adjusting generation, placing additional generators on line, or load shedding.
R11.3. Affected BA’s, working with their RC’s, shall immediately review Interchange Schedules between BA Areas or fragments within the separated area and make adjustments as needed to facilitate restoration.
The affected Balancing Authorities shall make all attempts to maintain the adjusted Interchange Schedules, whether generation control is manual or automatic.
R11.4. Affected TOP’s shall give high priority to restoration of offsite power to nuclear stations.

36. NERC Standard EOP-005-1 System Restoration Plans
R11.5. Affected TOP’s may resynchronize isolated area(s) with surrounding area(s) when the following conditions are met:
R Voltage, frequency, and phase angle permit.
R Size of the area being reconnected and capacity of transmission lines effecting the reconnection and number of synchronizing points across the system are considered.
R RC and adjacent areas are notified and RC approval is given.
R Load is shed in neighboring areas, if required, to permit successful interconnected system restoration.

37. NERC Standard EOP-005-1 System Restoration Plans
Attachment 1 – Elements for Consideration in Development of Restoration Plans
3. The plan must account for the possibility that restoration cannot be completed as expected.
8. The functions to be coordinated with RC and neighboring TOP’s.
9. Notification shall be made to other operating entities as the steps of the restoration plan are implemented.

38. NERC Standard EOP-006-1 Reliability Coordination – System Restoration
Purpose: The RC must have a coordinating role in system restoration.
Requirements:
R1. Must be aware of each BA/TOP’s restoration plan.
R2. Monitor progress of restoration and coordinate any needed assistance.
R3. Shall have a Reliability Coordinator Area restoration plan
R4. Is the primary contact for disseminating information regarding restoration
R5. Coordinate and approve resynchronizing major islands.
R6. Restore normal operations once the emergency has been mitigated.
Coordinates restoration actions between BA/TOP’s and other RC’s.
Analyzes system status
Monitor system voltages, Loads, Frequency and AGC totals.
Communicate with all affected BA/TOP’s
Location of separation points
Size of islands
Resource availability
Voltage and Frequency differences between islands
Assist in any way to facilitate restoration

39. Building the Grant System Restoration Model
Tried to use our Areva Operating System Model (EMS)
Switched to using our GE Power Flow model
Under Estimated the number of substations needed to use the model successfully
Interactive process with Incremental Systems technical people.
Coordinates restoration actions between BA/TOP’s and other RC’s.
Analyzes system status
Monitor system voltages, Loads, Frequency and AGC totals.
Communicate with all affected BA/TOP’s
Location of separation points
Size of islands
Resource availability
Voltage and Frequency differences between islands
Assist in any way to facilitate restoration

40. Testing the Grant System Restoration Plan (EOP-005-1 R7)
Assembled team of Subject Matter Experts
System Operations Manager, Training Coordinator, T&D Engineer(modeling person) and Senior System Operator
Used our Written Restoration Procedure
Found voltage issues with the path used in our original plan
Found manpower issues at Wanapum in our original plan
Set the Original plan aside and tried other ways to solve the voltage and manpower issues
Revised and resubmitted our Restoration Plan
Coordinates restoration actions between BA/TOP’s and other RC’s.
Analyzes system status
Monitor system voltages, Loads, Frequency and AGC totals.
Communicate with all affected BA/TOP’s
Location of separation points
Size of islands
Resource availability
Voltage and Frequency differences between islands
Assist in any way to facilitate restoration

41. Basic Concepts of the Grant County PUD System Restoration Plan
Get Wanapum and Priest Rapids tied together as soon as possible
Pick up just enough load to stabilize voltage while working to connect Priest Rapids and Wanapum
Length of outage and time of year determine how much incremental feeder load to add in each step.
After Wanapum and Priest Rapids are tied together begin restoring the rest of the county
Be flexible to accommodate some elements not being useable and to allow for re-connection with BPA at any time during the process
Coordinates restoration actions between BA/TOP’s and other RC’s.
Analyzes system status
Monitor system voltages, Loads, Frequency and AGC totals.
Communicate with all affected BA/TOP’s
Location of separation points
Size of islands
Resource availability
Voltage and Frequency differences between islands
Assist in any way to facilitate restoration

42. Key Station – Priest Rapid Powerhouse
Completed in 1961
Owned by GCPUD
South of Wanapum Dam located on the Columbia River
Hydro Plant ~ 1000MW
10 turbines at 100 MW each.
2009 Copyright Incremental Systems Corporation

43. Key Station – Wanapum Dam
Completed in 1964
Owned by GCPUD
North of Priest Rapids Dam located on the Columbia River
Hydro Plant ~ 1038MW
2009 Copyright Incremental Systems Corporation

44. Graphical Black Start Path
2009 Copyright Incremental Systems Corporation

45. System Map Blackstart Path
Midway
Priest PowerHouse #2
Bypass
Priest PowerHouse #1
Priest Tap
Priest PowerHouse #3
Wahluke
Frenchman Hills
Adams Rd
Frenchman Springs
Burke GPD
Braden
White Trail
Ancient Lake
Wanapum
Mattawa
Vantage
Jericho Tap
White Trail Tap
Ancient
Lk. Tap
Pick up load
if necessary
End
Start
West Map
230kv
115kv
Blackstart Path
East Map
2009 Copyright Incremental Systems Corporation

46. 2009 Copyright Incremental Systems Corporation
Current Utilization
GCPUD current uses:
Used simulation on Brick for annual operations training of System and Hydro operators. Run Blackstart to about 350 to 500 MW on the Grant system)
Validated Restoration Plan as required by EOP R7
Issuing NERC CEH credit for our annual class to Grant System Operators
2009 Copyright Incremental Systems Corporation

47. 2009 Copyright Incremental Systems Corporation
Program Vision
GCPUD Future:
Add Station Service Bus to model to enhance Generation Operators participation in restoration drills.
Increasing the number of bookmark for use in partial restoration and system diagnostic scenarios.
CEH for the partial restoration activities.
Local Mid-C area:
Mid-C Owner Operator Restoration Drills from multiple locations
Regional potential:
Regional (as much of the NWPP area as possible) drills using web based model with distributed participation (stay at home and participate)
2009 Copyright Incremental Systems Corporation