1. Types of Matter

2. Matter can be classified

3. Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space
Anything made from atoms
Examples:
Molecules
Cells
People
Air
Water

4. Pure Substances versus Mixtures
Matter is classified as either a pure substance or a mixture
Pure Substances
Mixtures
Every piece of matter is the same
More than one type of matter mixed together

5. Elements versus Compounds
Pure substances are either elements or compounds
Elements
Compound
Every atom is the same type of atom
More than one type of atom chemically bonded together. Every molecule is the same.

6. Elements can be found on the periodic table!
Single Atom
Cannot be separated by chemical or physical processes
Element
Pure substance
Every atom is the same
Elements can be found on the periodic table!

7. Every molecule is the same
Compounds
Single Molecule
Made of more than one type of atom bonded together
Compound
Pure substance
Every molecule is the same
Can be separated by chemical reactions only

8. Mixtures Homogeneous Heterogeneous (aka “solution”)
Mixtures can be classified as homogeneous or heterogeneous
Homogeneous
(aka “solution”)
Heterogeneous
It looks the same throughout
Different matter can be seen (chunks, bubbles, floaties, layers, etc.)

9. Physical combination of more than 1 type of pure substance
Mixtures
>1 different type of matter
Can be separated chemically or physically.
For example the oil and water was physically separated in Cleaning up an Oil Spill
Mixture
Not a pure substance
Physical combination of more than 1 type of pure substance

10. Mixture possibilities
Mixtures can be any combination of solids, liquids and gases:
Solid-solid: Medicine tablet
Solid-gas: Pop Rocks candy
Solid-liquid: Ice water
Liquid-liquid: Lemon water
Gas-Liquid: Carbonated water
Gas-Gas: Air

11. True solutions, Colloids & Suspensions
Particles don’t settle out and are too small to scatter light
Particles don’t settle out but are large enough to scatter light
Particles will settle out over time
Dissolved Particle Size Increases

12. Particles Scattering Light
If the dissolved particles are large enough to scatter light, we say it exhibits the “Tyndall Effect”
Solution
Light passes through unchanged
Colloids exhibit the Tyndall Effect
Light is scattered by larger solute particles

13. DO NOT WRITE ANYTHING DOWN FROM THIS SLIDE!
Leave a few lines of space to add information you will receive in class
DO NOT WRITE ANYTHING DOWN FROM THIS SLIDE!

14. Properties of Matter

15. Physical versus Chemical Properties
Physical Property
Chemical Property
Can be observed or tested without changing the atoms or molecules
In the process of observing or testing, the atoms or molecules are changed into different substance(s)

16. Intensive and Extensive Properties
Intensive Property
Extensive Property
Size of the sample doesn’t matter—you’d say a big piece and a small piece were the same with respect to this property
Size of the sample does matter—a big piece and a small piece would be different with respect to this property

17. DO NOT WRITE ANYTHING DOWN FROM THIS SLIDE!
Leave a few lines of space to add information you will receive in class
DO NOT WRITE ANYTHING DOWN FROM THIS SLIDE!

18. States of Matter

19. Solid Closely packed together particles Vibrate in place
Can’t switch places
Definite shape
Definite volume

20. Liquid Particles more spread out than solid
Particles are free to move past each other
Slightly compressible
Definite volume
No definite shape – take shape of container

21. Gas Particles very spread out Rapid, random motion Highly compressible
No definite volume—they will fill container
No definite shape—take shape of container

22. Changes in State Gas Increasing molecular motion (temperature) Liquid
Sublimation
Boiling or
Evaporating
Liquid
Melting
Deposition
Condensing
Solid
Freezing

23. Temperature of state changes
Freezing point = melting point
Boiling point = condensation point

24. What’s between the particles?
Nothing! There is absolutely nothing between the particles!