1. The Rise of Unions & STRIKES September 29, 2014

2. 1880s: Knights of Labor – Included ALL workers – Men and women – Skilled and Unskilled – Black/ White 1890s: American Federation of Labor (AFL) – Included only SKILLED workers – Unions divided by craft. Ex: Electrical Construction Mining Do you think business owners liked unions? Many business owners claim that UNIONS are SOCIALIST Socialism: Idea that a CLASSLESS society is Best – Gov’t take ownership of property/ EQUALLY disperse to the people Socialists argue that a COMMUNIST gov’t would work best

3. STRIKES!!! September 30, 2014

4. 1.1886: Haymarket Strike Riot Labor rally in Chicago, Illinois Someone threw bomb that killed police officer More than 12 died/ Over 100 injured 8 anarchists arrested Anarchist: political radicals who oppose ANY form of gov’t 2.1892: Homestead Strike Homestead, PA Argument between steel workers & owner Henry Frick – Frick did A LOT of business with Carnegie Strikebreaker: Person who works despite a strike, or his hired to replace strikers Goal of strike: stop work to force negotiations Strikebreakers make strike INEFFECTIVE RESULT: Union broke up/ no union for steel workers for decades

5. 3.1894: Pullman Strike Illinois: plant that creates Pullman passenger cars cuts hours and wages by 25% due to LOW PROFITS Workers lived in Pullman City – Owner of company owned EVERYTHING – Homes, church, library, stores, etc. – Owner charges for everything (even Church) – Wages cut 25%, but rent/ prices in town stay SAME RESULT: walkout & encourage people to BOYCOTT Pullman railway cars Other railroad companies join in – Over 50,000 workers involved Strike caused a major disruption in U.S. Mail RESULT: President Cleveland sends in troops to force strikers back to work Strike Leader (Eugene V. Debs) thrown in prison for leading strike