1. When East Meet West in ICT4D Onno W. Purbo Onno@indo.net.id IDRC Sabbaticant

2. Acknowledgement Thank you IDRC Richard Fuchs, Nancy, Steve, Renald, Kike, Peggy, Chaitali, Mireille, Heloise, Stephane, Jean-Claude, Bill, Sam, Laurent … etc. It is a rare lifetime opportunity that not many people in Indonesia will experience it. Thank you to my friends Basuki Suhardiman, Donny BU, Bona, Donny, Adi, Noor, Heru Nugroho, Judith, etc.. Who _voluntarily_ work hard to help the community.

3. Disclaimer … I’m an engineer, not a social scientist. I tend to simplify things..

4. Past Experiences.. It is a long 10+ years process Not instant It is a self-finance process Not much support from the Government No World Bank Funding No IMF Funding

5. Indonesia 1993 Internet UsersFew CybercafeNone Schools on InternetNone ICT booksFew ICT MagazineFew

6. 10+ Years Later, Today.. 7.5+ Million Indonesian Internet Users 5000+ WiFi outdoor installations 2000+ CyberCafes 1500+ schools on the Internet 1000+ Community Radio 20+ ICT Magazines Hundreds ICT Books Title Hundreds Local ICT Authors

7. Community Grassroot Community Based Self-Finance

8. The main questions.. How to sustain a development process in ICT4D? How to liberate the people? Self-finance replication process?

9. Course of the Work Spent sometime at IDRC Ottawa (~4 Month) Work @ Sandbox Install Various Linux Servers Install VoIP infrastructure Install WiFi infrastructure Train some of ICT4D Staffs http://sandbox.bellanet.org/~onno Drafting two (2) books on WiFi & VoIP Participate in IDRC ICT4D Mailing List Manage wifi4d mailing list at dgroups.org

10. Course of the Work.. Participate in ICT4Poverty at Harvard, Sep 03 Participate in WSIS 2003, Dec 03 Participate in RSIS 2003, Dec 03 Conferences & workshops in Vientiane Laos Mar 03, Kuala Lumpur Feb 04, Chennai Feb 04, Dhaka Feb 04, Johannesburg Mar 03 & Pretoria Mar 04 Publish paper / articles @ CERN Courier, i4d, ITID journal Initiate movement to create an open source developers group in Indonesia

11. Example: Initiate Movement Started Early September 2003 as an idea between Richard Fuchs, Nancy Smyth & Onno W. Purbo Ideas on developing an open source programmer community in Indonesia. It becomes Self-finance Open Source Development Servers Mailing list server Conserve Indonesian Internet Bandwidth Self-finance!

12. Groups.or.id 2600+ lists 65.000+ subscribers 50+ e-mail / second

13. Interact @ Policy Level Vision Goals Objectives Strategies Projects Success Stories

14. Share @ Grassroot How To? Opportunities.. New Ideas.. Strong Interest in VoIP NeighbourhoodNet

15. Interact With The Common MetroTV in Indonesia SMS Responses Printed Media Common Questions.. What can they get / gain? Can they make money? Low cost? Not in English please..

16. In The News VoIP WiFi

17. Interact @ Internet http://sandbox.bellanet.org/~onno Wifi4d@dgroups.org Requests for help, talk & workshop from Nicaragua, Venezuela, Benin, Malaysia, Egypt, Pakistan, Mozambique etc …

18. What do I learn most.. hearing, observing, interacting with many policy makers, researchers, practitioners, commons in both East & West. It is neither the technology nor policy. Rather the cultural experience that amaze me. Different way of thinking …

19. The cultural experience The bias The background experiences The surrounding environment … lead to a different assumption about the basic survival skill & default problem solving.

20. Mis-match example.. Free Open Source Software Argument Low Cost Developer Heaven Vs US$3 Microsoft CD Usefulness of the Software Political, Policy vs. Capacity Building

21. Success Story: Indonesia Digital Library Net In a library @US$300/year to buy book. 80+ Staff @ US$30/month salary. Supported by IDRC Connecting 80+ Libraries Yes, we have the platform now BUT Not much to fill it ….. MAIN ISSUE How to produce the knowledge producer?

22. Let’s lay out the strategy Use ICT to liberate people.. Self-finance replication process Encourage self-finance knowledge producer

23. My Favorite Path High Impact Maximize Bang For The Buck Minimal Outside Funding Self-Finance if possible Sustainable

24. Unfortunate Consequences.. It is a long (10+ years) process Only those who have Vision Believe Dedication Commitment …… may survive on such path

25. The Options

26. Top Downvs. Bottom Up Supply Driven Encourage Consume Written Law based Copyright Closed Source Project based Project funded Organized Demand Driven Encourage Produce Consensus based Copyleft Open Source Community Movmt Self-funded Messy

27. Con’t.. Centralized Short Term Project Multinational Investment Telco Infrastructure Supply Driven Multi National Investment Distributed Long Term Movement Collective Community Investment Community Based Infrastructure Demand Driven Capacity Building

28. “What If No Telco Necessary?” Onno W. Purbo, CERN Courier July 2003

29. In The Past All Owned by Big Players Distinction Operator vs. Customer

30. Past Regulatory Framework Network Operator Service Operator Reseller Customer Government License Telco First Customer Later Supply First Demand Later

31. Today.. Community Owned Incumbent Owned

32. Regulatory Challenge Network Operator Service Reseller Community Government License Community Network Community Network Community Network Community First Telco Later Demand First Supply Later

33. Self-Finance Replication.. Look at The Model.. Suggested Strategic Point

34. Self-Finance Demand Creation It can be a self-finance process

35. Development Injection For Development Agencies For Government

36. Dev. Injection Networking Platform Incentive for Authors Facilitate Knowledge Distribution Facilitate Link Between Manufacturer & Demand

37. Subtle Influence The Policy

38. In The Past Common ParliamentGovernment Operator Input License Service Guidance

39. Community Movement Government Community Education / Knowledge

40. Community Movement Government Community ICT

41. Community Movement Government Community ICT Pressure

42. Pro Community Policy Government Community ICT Pro-Community Pro-People Pro-Poor Policy

43. Keep in mind It is a long 10+ years of dedication & development processes … SORRY BUT - Not much celebration, parties, ribbon cutting, & spot lights …

44. Thank You Knowledge is power Share it It will multiply