2. Where do you stand?  How much is Psychology a real science like Physics, Chemistry or Biology?  How much of Psychology’s facts (like the bystander effect) can be trusted if every human is different?

3. What is psychology?  Definition From the Greek terms psyche meaning mind or soul and logos meaning study of = the study of the mind http://www.youtube.com /watch?v=vo4pMVb0R6 M#t=67

4. Origin of Psychology  Philosophers like Hippocrates, Socrates, Descartes, and Locke  Late 1800s, psychology emerged as its own discipline  Biologists like Charles Darwin and physiologists like Weber and Fechner show how physical events are related to sensation and perception  Birth date = 1879 Wundt established 1st research lab in Germany

5. Wundt  Studied consciousness Wanted to describe basic elements ○ how they are organized and how they relate  Used introspection  Began psychology’s transformation from philosophy of mental processes to science of mental processes I “Wundt”er Vat is going on in his head?

6. Titchener & Structuralism  Student of Wundt  Studied consciousness as well as images and other aspects that are harder to quantify Added “clearness” as element of sensation  Called approach “structuralism” = trying to define the structure of consciousness

7. Functionalism  Focus = understanding how mental processes function to allow humans to live and adapt  William James – American psychologist at Harvard (late 1870s) first lab to show demos to students rejected Wundt & Titchener’s work  G. Stanley Hall – first research lab at Johns Hopkins

8. Behaviorism  John B. Watson – observable behavior of animals and humans = only appropriate subject matter for psych (early 1900s) Should base psychology only on what can be seen in behavior (he had disdain for introspection!) Thought all human behavior was learned  B.F. Skinner = rewards & punishments shape, maintain & change behavior

9. Gestalt  Wertheimer, Koffka & Kohler  Gestalt = whole  “The whole is greater than the sum of it’s parts”. Emphasis = if you break consciousness into small elements = you destroy the whole

10. Psychoanalysis  Sigmund Freud – (late 1800s early 1900s) All behavior= based in conflicts at an unconscious level Developed psychotherapy (dream analysis) Emphasized importance of childhood Based on medical cases not on lab experiments

11. The often forgotten  Eclectic approach Means exactly that – taking techniques and ideas from a variety of approaches.

12. Approaches (see handout)  Evolutionary  Behavioral  Biological  Cognitive  Humanistic  Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic  Sociocultural Even Big Bird Can Hurt People Sometimes

13. FOLDABLES STUDY TOOL: On the outside cover, label YOUR NAME and “Perspectives in Psychology” The goal is to make a study aid to include the name of perspectives, name(s) associated with it and what (how) the perspective studied psychology.  Open your foldable like a book. Using the middle pages, record these five historical perspectives Structuralism, Functionalism, Psychoanalytical, Gestalt, Behaviorism  Pull the edges to reveal a place to record to 5 contemporary perspectives Cognitive, Humanist, Biological, Evolutionary, Socil- Cultural