1. Age of Exploration Great Muslim Empires & Europeans Take to the Seas

2. Ottoman Empire (Location) – Original – Asia Minor Original – Asia Minor Expanded to Southwest Asia, Southeastern Europe (Balkan Peninsula), and North Africa Expanded to Southwest Asia, Southeastern Europe (Balkan Peninsula), and North Africa

3. Ottoman Empire (Characteristics) Capital at Istanbul Capital at Istanbul Used Islam as a unifying force Used Islam as a unifying force Traded in coffee and ceramics Traded in coffee and ceramics

4. Mughal Empire North India North India

5. Mughal Empire (Characteristics) Spread Islam into India Spread Islam into India Taj Mahal Taj Mahal Europeans set up trading outposts in India (British East India Company) Europeans set up trading outposts in India (British East India Company) Influence of Indian Textiles on the British Influence of Indian Textiles on the British

6. European Trade with Asia Crusades introduced Europeans to luxury goods from Asia Crusades introduced Europeans to luxury goods from Asia Silk Road and other trade routes  enabled goods from Asia to reach Europe Silk Road and other trade routes  enabled goods from Asia to reach Europe

7. Mongol Empire provided the organization and structure necessary to maintain the trade routes between Europe and Asia Mongol Empire provided the organization and structure necessary to maintain the trade routes between Europe and Asia In addition, goods were sent to Western Europe from merchants in Constantinople (major trading center in the Byzantine Empire) In addition, goods were sent to Western Europe from merchants in Constantinople (major trading center in the Byzantine Empire)

8. Problems/Motives European trade with Asia was disrupted by the Black Death and the decline of the Mongol Empire European trade with Asia was disrupted by the Black Death and the decline of the Mongol Empire Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Turks (Istanbul) Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Turks (Istanbul) Muslim and Italian merchants controlled the majority of the trade between Europe and Asia (middle men) Muslim and Italian merchants controlled the majority of the trade between Europe and Asia (middle men)

9. Direct Access Europeans wanted direct access to Asian products/markets  European powers searched for a new route to Asia that did not include Mediterranean region Europeans wanted direct access to Asian products/markets  European powers searched for a new route to Asia that did not include Mediterranean region

10. Gold, Glory, and God (Google Images) Gold – riches Gold – riches Glory – land Glory – land God – spread religion God – spread religion

11. Improved Technology Cartography – created more accurate maps and sea charts Cartography – created more accurate maps and sea charts Astrolabe – used by sailors to determine their latitude at sea Astrolabe – used by sailors to determine their latitude at sea Compass – a device for determining direction Compass – a device for determining direction

12. Cortez Spain Spain Conquered the Aztecs in Mexico Conquered the Aztecs in Mexico

13. Pizarro Spain Spain Conquered the Incas in Peru Conquered the Incas in Peru

14. Columbus Spain Spain Discovered America Discovered America

15. Vasco da Gama Portugal Portugal First to sail around Cape of Good Hope First to sail around Cape of Good Hope

16. Magellan Spain Spain First to circumnavigate the globe First to circumnavigate the globe

17. Drake England England Raided Spanish treasure ships Raided Spanish treasure ships

18. Cartier France France Explored the St. Lawrence River Explored the St. Lawrence River

19. Prince Henry the Navigator Portugal Portugal Encouraged and supported exploration (school for explorers) Encouraged and supported exploration (school for explorers)