1. Quest for Empire Chapter 22 Imperialism

3. I. Remake the world in the American image! 1. Imperialism – imposition of control over other people 1.Colonies 2.1880 to 1914  active imperialism. 3.More markets = more power!

5. II. HAWAII 1.In 1890 USN Cpt. Alfred T. Mahan 2.“Influence of Sea power Upon History” 3.Strong Navy!! 4.Need colonies for bases; way stops 5.Andrew Carnegie  Ships need steel!!

7. HAWAII (cont’d) 6.HI 7.Sugar cane; fruit stories. 8.By 1890 – native Hawaiians;40% of pop. 9.White Americans dominated society

9. HAWAII (cont’d) 10. January 1893 – Queen Lil overthrown 1.Hawai becomes a republic 2.Sanford B. Dole!!! 11. 1898 –HI becomes a territory 1.1959 became the 50th state in the union

12. III. Cuba 1. Cuba  sugar plantations;tobacco;cigars 2. Spain harsh over Native Cubans → denied independence 3. 1895 – Jose Marti launches a revolution from America.

14. Cuba (cont’d) 4. American “Yellow” Press generated American sympathy 5. Exaggerated stories about the Cubans and the Spanish 6. Americans protest “reconcentration” 7. “Cuba Libre”  rallying cry 8.Hearst: “you furnish the pictures, I’ll furnish the war.”

15. Cuba (cont’d) 9. U.S.S. Maine exploded in Havana Harbor 10. Press accused Spain of sabotage! 11. Reality  boiler exploded 12. “Remember the Maine”

16. Cuba (cont’d) 13. McKinley sends Spain an ultimatum: 1.End fighting 2.End reconcentration 3.Accept U.S. arbitration of conflict 14. April 19 th, 1898 1.U.S. Congress declares Cuba independent 2.Spain ordered to withdraw 3.Authorized President to use military force 4.Teller Amendment

17. Cuba (cont’d) 15. Spain declares war!

18. IV. THE SPANISH – AMERICAN WAR 1.1st battle  The Philippines April 11, 1898 2.Islands held key strategic purposes 3.Commodore George Dewey;Asst. Secretary of Navy Theodore Roosevelt

19. THE SPANISH – AMERICAN WAR (cont’d) 4.America’s 1st war overseas 5.Many volunteered 6.Rough Riders 7.Press made TR a hero and household name

20. THE SPANISH – AMERICAN WAR (cont’d) 8. TR  charge up San Juan Hill 9.The war lasts 3 months – the summer of ’98 10.“splendid little war” 11.5,400 Americans died – but only 379 from actual combat 12.Rest died of disease

21. THE SPANISH – AMERICAN WAR (cont’d) 13.Peace Treaty of Paris – 1898 14.Cuba independent 15.U.S. gets Philippines, Puerto Rico, Guam 16.Platt Amendment 17.U.S. gets military bases 18.Cuba can’t sign treaties against American interests 19.The U.S. can intervene

22. V. ASIA AND SPHERES OF INFLUENCE 1.“open door policy” 2.“SPHERES”

23. VI. AMERICA INVADES LATIN AMERICA 1.Cuba still occupied by U.S. 2.North America benefits not the Cubans 3.U.S. corporations get more than 60% of Cuba’s rural lands 4.U.S. marines prevent rebellions

26. AMERICA INVADES LATIN AMERICA (cont’d) 5.Panama Canal 6.Pacific and Atlantic Oceans quicker

27. World War I

28. I. Initial Neutrality 1.American Neutrality 2.Wilson issues neutrality proclamation on August 4, 1914. 3.By 1917, U.S. became a major supplier of Allied munitions, food, and raw materials.

29. II. Submarine Crisis: Road to War in Europe 1.1915, Germans began use of U-Boats  submarines 2.Began to attack unarmed British passenger ships. 3.Lusitania-British liner sunk of the coast of Ireland on May 7, 1915. 4.Arabic is sunk 5.“Arabic Pledge”—Germans will not attack unarmed passenger vessels.

30. Submarine Crisis: Road to War in Europe (cont’d) 6.The Sussex Pledge (Ultimatum) 1. The pledge was: If ALL U-boat attacks on ALL ships did not stop, Wilson would sever all German relations.

31. Submarine Crisis: Road to War in Europe (cont’d) 7. Jan. 31, 1917-Germany would sink all ships, belligerent or neutral 8.Germany could win if they cut off the flow of supplies to the Allies. 9.Feb.3, 1917—U.S. ends diplomatic relations with Germany 10.U.S. merchant ships were sunk.

32. Submarine Crisis: Road to War in Europe (cont’d) 11. Zimmerman Telegram 12. From German foreign secretary, Arthur Zimmerman 13.U.S. receives it Feb. 24, 1917 14.Mexico should attack the U.S. 15.The “lost territories” of TX, NM, and AZ would then be returned to Mex. 16.March 1, 1917-Released to the American public; war with Germany was necessary.

33. III. Impact of the War at Home 1.Wilson :”War to end all Wars” 2.Jan. 1918—Wilson announces his Fourteen Points. 3.Wilson wants “peace without victory”---the victors would not be vindictive toward the losers. 1.Abolishing secret treaties, 2.Freedom of the seas, 3.Free trade, 4.Arms reduction, 5.end of colonization

34. Impact of the War at Home (cont’d) 4.14 th Point—Wilson considered the most important 5.Called of a “general association of nations” to preserve the peace (League of Nations) 6.The U.S. many opposed it. 7.U.S. does not ratify TOV

37. The “Big Four” WilsonGeorge Wilson George Clemenceau Orlando