1. AP World History Chapter 3 Notes
Trading Peoples
AP World History
Chapter 3 Notes

2. Trading Peoples
Civilizations of Egypt & Mesopotamia greatly influenced neighboring people in the Fertile Crescent = the Aramaeans and the Phoenicians
Trading peoples
Traveled by sailing ships & by caravan
Spread languages, customs, and ideas as they traded around the Fertile Crescent

3. The Phoenicians Canaan = land between ancient Egypt and Syria
Canaan = modern day Israel, Lebanon, and Jordan
Phoenicians settled in northern Canaan

4. The Phoenicians Sailed the seas for trade
Made strong, fast ships using timber in cedar forests
Built a string of towns & cities along their coast
Grew to become city-states
Built confederation (loose union) of city-states

6. The Phoenicians Expert navigators
Plotted voyages using the sun & stars
Took charge of Mediterranean shipping and trade

7. The Phoenicians
Created an alphabet = series of written symbols that represent sounds
Only 22 characters
Each character represented different consonant sound
Basis for our alphabet we use today

8. The Phoenicians
To protect & re-supply their ships, the Phoenicians set up a network of trading posts and colonies along the coasts of the Mediterranean
Colony = settlement of emigrants

9. Ancient Hebrews

10. Abraham’s Geneaology HAGAR ABRAHAM SARAH Ishmael Isaac
12 Arabian Tribes
Jacob
Esau
12 Tribes of Israel

11. Abraham’s Journey from Ur Canaan  The “Promised Land”

12. Abraham’s Journeys

13. Yahweh’s “Covenant” With His People
The first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible.
The most sacred text in the Jewish religious tradition.
The Torah

14. The Abrahamic Covenant
Abraham’s agreement with God is called the covenant
Abraham’s accepting the covenant is the beginning of Judaism

15. The Test God tested Abraham by commanding him to sacrifice Isaac
Abraham and Sarah were old & childless
God told Abraham that Sarah would have a child and the child’s name should be Isaac
God tested Abraham by commanding him to sacrifice Isaac
Abraham agreed to sacrifice Isaac to show his faith in God

16. Ancient Palestine

17. The Exodus
Israel & his 12 sons
Joseph
Egypt during reign of Hittites

18. The Nile River

19. Land of Goshen, Egypt

20. “Shepherd of His People”
Moses
“Prince of Egypt”
“Shepherd of His People”

23. The Exodus

24. Route of the Exodus

25. Moses and the 10 Commandmets A new “covenant” with Yahweh

26. Mount Sinai

27. The Kingdom of Israel
Hebrews divide into 12 tribes, settle in Palestine
David and Goliath
Israel unites under a King

28. King David’s Empire

29. Solomon’s
Kingdom

30. King Solomon Solomon was the son of David
Israel became wealthy from trade
Buildt Temple of Solomon

31. Solomon used the wealth of Jerusalem to build a magnificent temple
Solomon’s Temple
Solomon used the wealth of Jerusalem to build a magnificent temple

32. Recreation of Ancient Jerusalem

33. King Solomon’s Temple Floor Plan
The First Temple

34. Inside the Temple Tabernacle
The Arc of the Covenant

35. The Temple Mount, Jerusalem Today
Solomon’s Temple Wall: The “Wailing” Wall

36. King Solomon After his death, the kingdom was split North: Israel
capital Samaria
South: Kingdom of Judah
capital Jerusalem
Jewish Diaspora
Lost Tribes of Israel

37. Kingdoms of
Judah
&
Israel

38. The Kingdom of Judah Southern Kingdom lasted 150 more years
Conquered by Babylon for 50 years
Babylonians destroyed Solomon’s Temple

39. Israelites in Captivity

40. Eurasian Empires 500 BCE to 500 CE
AP World History Notes
Chapter 4

41. The Assyrians Lived in northern Mesopotamia
Most lethal army in the Middle East
Army organized into units: foot soldiers, charioteers & cavalry on horseback
Fought with iron weapons & used battering rams to run into walled cities

42. The Assyrians Treated people they conquered very cruelly
Burned cities; tortured and killed thousands of captives
Deported people from their homelands
Forced people to pay heavy taxes to pay for army, buildings, and roads

43. The Assyrians Empire stretched from the Persian Gulf to Egypt
Empire divided into provinces  each one ruled by a governor
Conquered people began to rebel & the empire began to fall apart
612 BCE = Chaldeans take down Assyrian empire

44. The Persians Ruled more than 35 million people
Empire stretched more than 3000 miles – from Nile to Indus River
Best organizer among Persian kings = Darius
Divided empire into 23 provinces
Each province ruled by a satrap = governor

45. Persian Empire

46. The Persians Persians = very tolerant rulers
Allowed conquered people to keep own languages, religions, and laws
Artisans built city of Persepolis = most magnificent city in the empire

47. The Persians Lived in present-day Iran
King Cyrus added many new territories to the empire
Northern Mesopotamia, Syria, Canaan, Phoenician cities, Lydia, Greek city-states in Asia Minor
Later his son conquered Egypt  brought the entire Middle East under Persian control

48. The Persians Ruled more than 35 million people
Empire stretched more than 3000 miles – from Nile to Indus River
Best organizer among Persian kings = Darius
Divided empire into 23 provinces
Each province ruled by a satrap = governor

49. Persian Empire

50. The Persians Persians = very tolerant rulers
Allowed conquered people to keep own languages, religions, and laws
Artisans built city of Persepolis = most magnificent city in the empire

51. The Persians Big network of roads
Allowed for trade between different peoples/cultures in the empire
Allowed for easy movement of soldiers
Royal Road = longest road in the empire  had stations along it so travelers could get food, water, and fresh horses

52. The Persians
480 BCE = Darius’s son Xerxes tried to conquer Greece to expand the empire
Failed to defeat the Greeks