1. Thinking Geographically
4 types of maps
5 themes of geography
3 types of regions
Site vs. Situation

2. Mercator Projection - 1569 Low distortion on land shape
Distortion is greatest at the poles

3. Robinson Projection
Distorts shape, size, distance, and direction evenly, but preserves all four the best at the Equator

4. Goode Projection
Land masses are true
Distances are distorted

5. Lambert Projection - 1772 Direction is true from center point
Distorted shapes and direction at the edges
Views one hemisphere of the world

6. 5 Themes: Place
A specific point on Earth

7. 5 Themes: Region
An area on Earth distinguished by a combination of culture and physical features

8. 5 Themes: Scale
Relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and the Earth as a whole

9. 5 Themes: Space
Refers to the physical gap between objects

10. 5 Themes: Connections
Relationships among people and objects across space

11. Types of Regions: Formal (Uniform)
An area within everyone shares one or more distinctive characteristics

12. Types of Regions: Functional (Nodal)
An area organized around a node or focal point, diminishes in importance as it grows outward

13. Types of Regions: Vernacular (Perceptual)
A place that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity

14. Site Situation Site vs. Situation
The physical characteristic of a place
Example: Marion County’s site characteristics include knobs, rivers, and a high percentage of agricultural land
The location of a place in relation to others
Example: Lebanon is approximately 60 miles south of Louisville

15. Latitude and Longitude
Latitude – runs flat and are parallel
0⁰ Latitude is the Equator
Latitude lines go from 90⁰ South Latitude to 90⁰ North Latitude
Longitude – runs up and down, meet at the poles
0⁰ Longitude is the Prime Meridian, 180⁰ Longitude is the International Date Line
Longitude meridians go from 0⁰ to 180⁰ and are measured east to west in relation Greenwich, England

16. Map Distortions
Shape
Size
Direction
Distance

17. Types of Diffusions Relocation – physical movement of people
Expansion – snowball effect
Hierarchical – spreads from nodes of authority
Contagious – rapid and widespread diffusion
Stimulus – as an idea spreads, part of its concept is lost, the rest continues to be spread