1. Department of Communications Engineering 1 Yevgeni Koucheryavy January 28, 2009 FP7 / COST Yevgeni Koucheryavy Tampere University of Technology Tampere, FINLAND

2. Department of Communications Engineering 2 Yevgeni Koucheryavy January 28, 2009 SCARFS: rationale A Scalable Communication Architecture for Ubiquitous Positioning Functions and Services SCARFS Real-time positioning becomes highly demanded service at the modern telecommunication market The open space terminal positioning problem is mainly solved by GPS system, while indoor location becomes a challenging task Many users would go for the brand new huge piece of location- aware services that are not yet fully available on the market A strong push Many services like Google Maps and Google Maps with MyLocation operating with GPS or without Geotagging Etc.

3. Department of Communications Engineering 3 Yevgeni Koucheryavy January 28, 2009 Indoor location A-GPS (Assisted GPS) It is applicable only for mobile terminals WiFi-assisted Several proprietary solutions exist, e.g. Skyhook uses pre-recorded database of MAC addresses of installed WiFi Access Points (AP) and coupled signal fingerprints and absolute GPS coordinates Other technologies E.g. UWB Combined

4. Department of Communications Engineering 4 Yevgeni Koucheryavy January 28, 2009 WiFi location by Skyhook Drawbacks The database of pre-recorded APs absolute positions has been collected using vehicle-based signal scanning WiFi equipment and the database is two dimensional. Huge malls and skyscrapers become out of scope of the system, at least for now The approach is database provider driven; database provider is responsible for permanent update of the database, while users are provided with possibility of reporting on wrong positioning via website. SkyHook Wireless recognizes the problem and offers operators to co- locate database with Serving Mobile Location Center; however, it does not solve the problem as a whole Usage of database of proprietary structure and reliability operated by a private company. Data recorded into the database are considered as a core intellectual property assets. Moreover, proprietary database technology prevents ease of software development Usage of proprietary protocols between WiFi client and database with pre-recorded coordinates

5. Department of Communications Engineering 5 Yevgeni Koucheryavy January 28, 2009 Assumptions Existing indoor location technologies have to be used (every terminal has to be equipped with at least one technology) WiFi, etc. Majority of location-aware services do not require exact positioning of a terminal, rather 20 – 30 meters would be sufficient The solution has to be open for everybody Providers Developers Etc.

6. Department of Communications Engineering 6 Yevgeni Koucheryavy January 28, 2009 Objectives To design of the open platform with open API allowing usage of different location technologies alternative to GPS (such as WiFi, UWB, GSM etc.) to create reliable ubiquitous location service The open platform should be located on the Internet and be constructed out of database and communications logic. Database can be pre-filled with known locations of access points and base stations of different technologies along with its signal strength (a signal fingerprint) To develop the open communication architecture DNS-like scalable and reliable architecture that will provide service anywhere and anytime; an open and scalable communications protocol in use, for instance, SIP. That will allow transparent communications between a user (to be located) and the open platform, and ease of service programming and debugging

7. Department of Communications Engineering 7 Yevgeni Koucheryavy January 28, 2009 COST Became very complicated to get Action approved Unspecified Moving/Flying Objects No Action on the topic A lot of challenging research issues To cover from PHY up to applications and services Industry could be interested Open call on March 27, 2009