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Www.convergencetechnologycenter.org DUE 402356 Convergence Technology MODULE 2 - LEARNING OUTCOME 5 Describe signaling and its importance to telecommunications.

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Presentation on theme: "Www.convergencetechnologycenter.org DUE 402356 Convergence Technology MODULE 2 - LEARNING OUTCOME 5 Describe signaling and its importance to telecommunications."— Presentation transcript:

1 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org DUE 402356 Convergence Technology MODULE 2 - LEARNING OUTCOME 5 Describe signaling and its importance to telecommunications and differentiate various signaling techniques involved in telephony.

2 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org What Makes the Telephone Work? The hook switch The Microphone The Speaker ECHO Voice Telephony Fundamentals

3 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Anatomy of the phone Hook Switch Microphone Speaker To Wall Jack

4 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Microphone Speaker Duplex Coil To Wall Jack Touchtone Keypad Ringer Hook Switch Telephone components with duplex coil and touch- tone keypad

5 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Component Configuration 300 Ohm 9 Volt Green wire Red wire Battery Resistor

6 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Telephone Carbon Microphone Electric Contact Carbon Granules Vibrating Diaphragm Wires

7 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Diaphragm Voice coil Magnet SuspensionDust cap - + How a speaker works

8 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Wires and Cables Residential Cabling The Telephone Network cabling Signaling and Transmission Analog Signals Digital Signals Voice Telephony Fundamentals

9 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Dual tone dialing pad

10 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Entrance bridge Ground wire From the Central Office To phones inside house Entrance Bridge

11 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Roadside wiring concentrator Typical phone company boxe (wiring concentrator) that you have seen by the side of the road

12 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Residential cabling Residences

13 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Waveform Sine Wave Anatomy Frequency Wavelength Amplitude Signal Phase Voice Telephony Fundamentals

14 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Electromagnetic wave form

15 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Anatomy of a sine wave 270 0 180 0 90 0 0 One Second One cycle 360 0 V = Voltage t = time A = Amplitude One cycle per second = one Hertz a a One Hertz t

16 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Cycles per second 2 cycles per second (2 Hz) 1 cycle per second (1 Hz) 4 cycles per second (4 Hz) One Second

17 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Phase Shift

18 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Analog signal being digitized

19 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Digital Signal types Unipolar Manchester Bipolar Return to Zero Bipolar Nonreturn to Zero Differential Manchester

20 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org The Codec Analog Phone Digital Transmission (Digital Data Lines Codec Analog Signal Digital Signal

21 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Analog to Digital to Analog Central office A/D conversion Central Office D/A conversion DallasBoston

22 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Local and Long-Distance Calling The Protocol for Making a Phone Call DTMF (Dual-Tone MultiFrequency) Voice Telephony Fundamentals

23 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Dual tone dialing pad

24 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Transmission Lines Attaching Transport Devices Circuits Two-Wire Circuits Four-Wire Circuits The Effects of Attenuation When Using Two-Wire or Four-Wire Voice Telephony Fundamentals

25 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Analog to Digital to Analog Central office A/D conversion Central Office D/A conversion DallasBoston

26 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Two-wire and four-wire pairs Four wire – two pair Outer Jacket Braided shield Foil shield Twisted Pairs Eight wire - four pair Twisted Pair Plastic insulation Outer Jacket

27 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Two-wire circuit as used in the Local Loop

28 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Four-wire circuit Customer SiteCarrier Transmit Receive

29 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Lines and Trunks CPE Switches Network Switches Channels Virtual Circuits Flavors of Virtual Circuits Network Connections Voice Telephony Fundamentals

30 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org CPE lines, trunks, switches Core Network Class 4 Switches Interexchange Trunks Class 5 Switches Subscriber Lines Local Exchange Trunks Local Loop PBX Business Phones CPE International Gateway PBX Residential Phones

31 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Bandwidth Getting more out of a wire pair Bandwidth and the Electromagnetic Spectrum Electromagnetic Spectrum Voice Telephony Fundamentals

32 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Electromagnetic Spectrum

33 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org The anatomy of an analog voice channel Frequency multiplexed voice signals Bandwidth of a voice channel

34 www.convergencetechnologycenter.org Questions: Feel free to contact the creator of this material Peter Brierley, Professor, Collin County Community College, brierley.peter@gmail.com This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0402356. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation

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