1. 1 1 David Foster Head, Communications and Networks CERN LHC Networking LHC Grid Fest October 2008

2. 2 2 CERN – March 2007 Map of the Internet You are here (perhaps)

3. 3 3 LHC Tier0-Tier1 Network Contributors

4. 4 4 Showing end-end links made by “stitching” circuits together from different contributors and backup links for resiliency

5. 5 5 GÉANT2: Consortium of 34 NRENs Dark Fiber Core Among 16 Countries:  Austria  Belgium  Bosnia-Herzegovina  Czech Republic  Denmark  France  Germany  Hungary  Ireland  Italy,  Netherland  Slovakia  Slovenia  Spain  Switzerland  United Kingdom 22 PoPs, ~200 Sites 38k km Leased Services, 12k km Dark Fiber Supporting Light Paths for LHC, eVLBI, et al. H. Doebbeling

6. 6 6 LHC OPN Architecture

7. 7 7 Global Lambda Integrated Facility World Map – May 2008 www.glif.is Visualization courtesy of Bob Patterson, NCSA/University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Data compilation by Maxine Brown, University of Illinois at Chicago. Earth texture from NASA. Link To TIFR

8. 8 8 HEP Bandwidth Roadmap for Major Links (in Gbps): USLHCNet Example Paralleled by ESnet Roadmap for Data Intensive Sciences  Harvey Newman

9. 9 9 Exponential Growth Gilder’s Law (32X in 4 yrs) Storage Law (16X in 4yrs) Moore’s Law (5X in 4yrs) Triumph of Light – Scientific American. George Stix, January 2001 Performance per Dollar Spent Optical Fibre (bits per second) Chip capacity (# transistors) Data Storage (bits per sq. inch) Number of Years 0 1 2 3 4 5 9 12 18 Doubling Time (months)